Signal processing for Wireless Geophone Network to detect landslides

Advanced seismic signal processing techniques for detection and bearing estimation of footsteps and vehicular signals

“…Urban surveillance systems were initially established as vision-based intelligent transport systems [15][16][17] or intelligent indoor/outdoor surveillance system [18][19][20] using network of cameras. Subsequently, distributed sensor based surveillance systems were built for variety of applications including landslide detection [21,22], avalanche detection [23], forest intrusion detection [24], perimeter security [25] etc. Most of these sensor systems used seismic sensors because of their ability to detect ground movements caused by both natural sources such as landslides, earthquakes and man-made sources such as human footsteps, vehicles etc.…”

“…Subsequently, distributed sensor based surveillance systems were built for different types of surveillance applications including landslide detection [21,22], avalanche detection [23], forest intrusion detection [24], perimeter security [25] etc. The forest intrusion detection system in [24] uses geophones, accelerometers and magnetometers to detect vehicles entering into or moving around in a protected area.…”

“…The orientation angle Ψ defines the tilt of the ellipse with respect to the unit vector s(Θ, Φ). Hence, Q andẇ are given by 22) where the matrix Q performs a rotation of angle Ψ of the ellipse that is traced byẇ. On the other hand, transverse waves are modeled aṡ where the subscript (.…”

“…22) where E c (l) is computed across overlapping frames of length 0.2 s and e ga (l) is the GA interpolation error defined in(3.18). Using the proposed PE metric defined in (3.22), a polarized signal with high energy will result in a low value of e PE (l).…”