Signal intensity in the geometrical optics approximation for the magnetized ionosphere

Västberg, A.; Lundborg, Bengt

doi:10.1029/96rs02630

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…All Rights Reserved. 2169-9380/14/10.1002/2013JA019247 1991; Västberg and Lundborg, 1996;Strangeways, 2000;Tsai et al, 2010]. In most cases the equations were recast in spherical coordinates (Haselgrove used the Cartesian coordinate system).…”

Section: Hf Ray Tracing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The canonical equations for the raypath are not able to be solved analytically for a general ionosphere and so Haselgrove and Haselgrove [] and Haselgrove [] reformulated the equations, apropos finding a solution via numerical integration techniques. The canonical equations, now commonly known as Haselgrove's equations, have been used extensively over many years to study HF radio wave propagation [e.g., Croft , ; Surtees , ; Bennett , , ; Jones and Stephenson , ; Nickisch , ; Reilly , ; Västberg and Lundborg , ; Strangeways , ; Tsai et al , ]. In most cases the equations were recast in spherical coordinates (Haselgrove used the Cartesian coordinate system).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling ionospheric disturbance features in quasi‐vertically incident ionograms using 3‐D magnetoionic ray tracing and atmospheric gravity waves

Cervera

Harris

2014

JGR Space Physics

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[1] The Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) has initiated an experimental program, Spatial Ionospheric Correlation Experiment, utilizing state-of-the-art DSTO-designed high frequency digital receivers. This program seeks to understand ionospheric disturbances at scales < 150 km and temporal resolutions under 1 min through the simultaneous observation and recording of multiple quasi-vertical ionograms (QVI) with closely spaced ionospheric control points. A detailed description of and results from the first campaign conducted in February 2008 were presented by Harris et al. (2012). In this paper we employ a 3-D magnetoionic Hamiltonian ray tracing engine, developed by DSTO, to (1) model the various disturbance features observed on both the O and X polarization modes in our QVI data and (2) understand how they are produced. The ionospheric disturbances which produce the observed features were modeled by perturbing the ionosphere with atmospheric gravity waves.Citation: Cervera, M. A., and T. J. Harris (2014), Modeling ionospheric disturbance features in quasi-vertically incident ionograms using 3-D magnetoionic ray tracing and atmospheric gravity waves,

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Section: Hf Ray Tracing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling ionospheric disturbance features in quasi‐vertically incident ionograms using 3‐D magnetoionic ray tracing and atmospheric gravity waves

Cervera

Harris

2014

JGR Space Physics

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“…The main disadvantage is accuracy; large perturbations are subject to quantization error, and small perturbations to roundoff error. A second approach is the direct variational method in which the differential equations describing the control‐vector sensitivities are derived and integrated alongside the original raytracing equations (Nickisch, 1988; Sambridge & Kennett, 1990; Västberg & Lundborg, 1996). The computational cost of the method is related to the number of control parameters which should therefore not be very large.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third factor is the cross‐sectional area of the flux tube at the receive site. Estimating this area is referred to as focusing (e.g., Budden, 1991; Nickisch, 1988; Västberg & Lundborg, 1996). Consider a radiative flux tube at the transmitter with a differential solid angle

d normalΩ = \sin (η_{t}) d η_{t} d ξ_{t}

where

d ξ_{t}

and

d η_{t}

are variations in the azimuth and zenith angle of the transmit ray bearing, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Irregularities in the Postsunset Equatorial Ionosphere With an Expanded Network of HF Beacons

et al. 2021

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Background and MotivationOne of the most common manifestations of space weather is the spontaneous generation of broadband plasma density irregularities in the postsunset equatorial F-region ionosphere. The phenomenon, often referred to as equatorial spread F (ESF) because of the spreading it produces in ionogram traces (Booker & Wells, 1938), is attributed to interchange instability in the F region which can become unstably stratified with the cessation of photoionization. The connection between ESF and interchange instabilities was established by Woodman and La Hoz (1976) who were the first to render coherent backscatter radar profiles observed at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory in range-time-intensity (RTI) image format. Their images resembled numerical simulations of interchange instabilities in barium clouds (e.g., Ossakow, 1981). Earlier, working also at Jicamarca, Farley et al (1970) had established a causal relationship between the height of the F layer at sunset and the occurrence probability of ESF, a finding which is consistent with if not uniquely indicative of interchange instability. Later, true images of large-scale irregularities associated with ESF were observed with the ALTAIR radar on Kwajalein which can scan from horizon to horizon (Tsunoda et al., 1979). These, together with increasingly accurate and finely resolved numerical simulations, cemented the link between ESF and ionospheric interchange instability (see e.g.,

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“…The second column shows the ground range, the third column the phase path, the fourth column shows the spreading loss (calculated from quantities D + and D − ) and the final two columns show D + and D − , respectively. Included (in brackets) is the loss when evaluated by means of virtual ray deviation techniques [e.g., Nickisch , 1988; Vastberg and Lundborg , 1996]. It will be noted that the current technique produces results that are almost identical to those provided by the alternative techniques.…”

Section: Some Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Huygen's principle applied to radio wave propagation

Coleman

2002

Radio Science

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[1] Huygen's principle, in the form of boundary integral equations, is applied to the problem of radio wave propagation. Complex propagation is analyzed by dividing the region between transmitter and receiver into a number of zones and propagating the solution between these zones by means of integral equations with simple approximate kernels. In the limit that the regions become dense, the approach leads to a useful form of the WKB solution, and this is demonstrated through its application to the study of propagation through a disturbed ionosphere. (2487); KEYWORDS: ray tracing, Huygen's principle, ionospheric propagation, geometric optics Citation: Coleman, C. J., Huygen's principle applied to radio wave propagation,

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Signal intensity in the geometrical optics approximation for the magnetized ionosphere

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Modeling ionospheric disturbance features in quasi‐vertically incident ionograms using 3‐D magnetoionic ray tracing and atmospheric gravity waves

Modeling ionospheric disturbance features in quasi‐vertically incident ionograms using 3‐D magnetoionic ray tracing and atmospheric gravity waves

Mapping Irregularities in the Postsunset Equatorial Ionosphere With an Expanded Network of HF Beacons

Huygen's principle applied to radio wave propagation

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