Signal Grass (Brachiaria decumbens) Toxicity in  Grazing Ruminants

Low, Susan G.

doi:10.3390/agriculture5040971

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…The highest digestibility of BD among the four species might be due to several factors as follows: (1) BD is a prostrate-type improved grass, (2) BD grows well on mine-revegetation area compared with other species, (3) BD has younger aged leaves, compared with other species. The high IVDMD of BD in this study was relevant with the review in Low (2015). It is reported that IVDMD of BD was 56-78% up to five weeks of age, while it decreased to a range of 41.6-63.7% as the pasture matured.…”

Section: In Vitro Dm and Organic Matter Digestibility Of Foragessupporting

confidence: 69%

Evaluation of Tropical Grasses on Mine Revegetation for Herbage Supply to Bali Cattle in Sorowako, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Hasan¹,

Natsir²,

Ako³

et al. 2016

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate forage quality and absorption of heavy metals in grasses of grazing lands in mine revegetation area. Grazing land was dominated by Brachiaria decumbens (BD), which occupied about 87% in the pasture' syielding ability of 14.8 Mg DM/ha/year, followed by Centrocema pubescens (CP), Calopogonium mucunoides (CM) and Imperata cylindrica (IC) at 6, 4 and 3%, respectively. Both of in vitro dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility were the highest in BD and CM, followed by CP and the lowest in IC. Structural carbohydrates of cellulose and hemicelluloses were the highest in BD, contrary to Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL) concentration, which was the highest in IC and the lowest in BD, while CP and CM showed the middle in ADL and cellulose concentrations among the four forage species. Heavy metals of nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) were detected in the order of Ni > Cr > Pb in the grasses examined and harvested on mine-revegetation area in Sorowako, Indonesia.

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Section: In Vitro Dm and Organic Matter Digestibility Of Foragessupporting

confidence: 69%

Evaluation of Tropical Grasses on Mine Revegetation for Herbage Supply to Bali Cattle in Sorowako, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Hasan¹,

Natsir²,

Ako³

et al. 2016

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…It is important to consider that other saponins with diosgenin, whose metabolites induce hepatic lesions, have been identified in B. decumbens and B. brizantha [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. So, a better biomarker for predicting toxicosis could be considered in future studies, including determination of other saponins (dichotomin, saponine B, dioscin) or diosgenin quantification, as is suggested by Low, 2015 [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content of the Saponin Protodioscin in Brachiaria spp. from the Eastern Plains of Colombia

Lozano

Martínez

Diaz

2017

Toxins

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Protodioscin is used as a marker of saponin content that could cause hepatotoxicity in ruminants. In Brachiaria spp. from two regions of the Colombian Eastern Plains (east mountain range of the Andean—“piedemonte” and Ariari River Valley) were determined this metabolite at 14 and 28 days post-cutting under different climatic conditions. No protodioscin was detected in B. dictyoneura or B. humidicola. In B. brizantha, B. decumbens and B. ruziziensis x B. decumbens x B. brizantha (hybrid), protodioscin content corresponded to an interaction between species, post-cutting time and season. Concentrations ≥1% (minimum toxic level) were recorded in B. decumbens and the hybrid, and to a lesser extent in B. brizantha. The concentration of protodioscin was higher at 28 days, when the pastures are suitable for consumption. B. brizantha accumulated the lowest saponin concentration, whereas the hybrid had the highest levels, particularly in the “piedemonte” and during drought (3.37%). Dry season favored the protodioscin concentration in B. decumbens (in river valley) and in the hybrid (in “piedemonte”). In the latter, there was a positive correlation with temperature and a negative with humidity, which are typical characteristics of dry periods. This is the first report of protodioscin content in the hybrid.

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“…Signalgrass [ Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) R. D. Webster] is a tropical forage that originated from East Africa, and it is broadly adapted to weathered low‐fertility acidic soils with high soil Al (Apolinário et al, 2013; Low, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Signalgrass has been introduced in many continents and regions, including South America, Australia, Indonesia, and Malaysia (Low, 2015); however, there are not many data in the literature linking grazing management and N fertilization with belowground responses of grazed signalgrass pastures. Stocking rate and N fertilization are among the most important management practices affecting aboveground and belowground plant responses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Decomposition of Grazed Signalgrass in Response to Stocking and Nitrogen Fertilization Rates

et al. 2019

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Belowground root biomass can respond differently to grazing management affecting grass sward quality and longevity. Linking grazing management with belowground responses is scarce in warm‐climate grassland literature. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of different stocking rates (SRs) and N fertilization on root chemical composition and decomposition in signalgrass pastures [Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) R. D. Webster]. The experiment consisted of a factorial arrangement of three SRs (2.0, 3.9, and 5.8 animal units [AU] ha−1; 1 AU = 450 kg live weight) and three N fertilization rates (0, 150, and 300 kg N ha−1 yr−1). Response variables included root remaining biomass and N, root N and lignin concentrations, root C/N ratio, and root lignin/N ratio. Response variables were not affected by SR and N fertilization, except for remaining root biomass. All response variables were affected by incubation time. Root decomposition fitted a single exponential decay model. Remaining biomass was 30% of initial biomass (k = 0.0022 g g−1 d−1) after 512 d. Remaining N was 31% of initial N (k = 0.0007 g g−1 d−1) at the end of the incubation. Remaining root biomass was reduced with increasing N levels for 3.9 AU ha−1, but not for 2.0 and 5.8 AU ha−1. Root decomposition released ∼65 kg N ha−1 during 512 d trough mineralization. Grassland ecosystems have important C stock in their belowground plant biomass, which is relevant for the global C cycle. Therefore, practices that maintain or increase belowground C stocks should be preferred.

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Signal Grass (Brachiaria decumbens) Toxicity in Grazing Ruminants

Cited by 31 publications

References 59 publications

Evaluation of Tropical Grasses on Mine Revegetation for Herbage Supply to Bali Cattle in Sorowako, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Evaluation of Tropical Grasses on Mine Revegetation for Herbage Supply to Bali Cattle in Sorowako, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Content of the Saponin Protodioscin in Brachiaria spp. from the Eastern Plains of Colombia

Root Decomposition of Grazed Signalgrass in Response to Stocking and Nitrogen Fertilization Rates

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