Signal extraction method based on spectral processing for a dual-channel SMI vibration sensor

Ge, Shize; Lin, Yunxiu; Chen, Hanqiao; Kong, Xinyu; Zhu, Desheng; Dong, Zhipeng; Wang, Xiulin

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2023.107531

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, in actual measurements, the optical feedback strength factor is usually time-varying, making accurate parameter measurement challenging. To avoid the complexities and inaccuracies of parameter estimations, researchers have proposed a displacement reconstruction algorithm based on the time–frequency spectrum [ 34 , 35 ]. This algorithm segments the signal into overlapping, short time segments of equal length and calculates the Doppler frequency in each segment using an FFT to obtain the Doppler frequency over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Huang,

Lai,

Chen

2024

Sensors

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To robustly and adaptively reconstruct displacement, we propose the amplitude modulation integral reconstruction method (AM-IRM) for displacement sensing in a self-mixing interferometry (SMI) system. By algebraically multiplying the SMI signal with a high-frequency sinusoidal carrier, the frequency spectrum of the signal is shifted to that of the carrier. This operation overcomes the issue of frequency blurring in low-frequency signals associated with continuous wavelet transform (CWT), enabling the precise extraction of the Doppler frequency of the SMI signal. Furthermore, the synchrosqueezing wavelet transform (SSWT) is utilized to enhance the frequency resolution of the Doppler signal. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a displacement reconstruction accuracy of 21.1 nm (0.89%). Additionally, our simulations demonstrated that this method can accurately reconstruct target displacement under the conditions of time-varying optical feedback intensity or a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 0 dB, with a maximum root mean square (RMS) error of 22.2 nm. These results highlight its applicability in real-world environments. This method eliminates the need to manually determine the window length for time–frequency conversion, calculate the parameters of the SMI system, or add additional optical devices, making it easy to implement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Huang,

Lai,

Chen

2024

Sensors

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“…Therefore, in a self-mixing interferometric system, the low-cost LD acts as a light source, sensing element and detection device. As a result, this configuration shows the merits of simple structure, low implementation cost, and high measurement resolution [22][23][24]. However, in SMI-based measurements, one challenge is determining how to efficiently obtain feedback light carrying information of external objects back into the laser cavity and the other is establishing how to improve the measurement sensitivity [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Self-Mixing Interference: Optical Fiber Coil Sensors for Acoustic Emission Detection

Yu,

Yang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Photonics

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Acoustic emission (AE) testing is a widely used nondestructive testing method for the early detection of failures in materials and structures. In this paper, an AE detection sensor combining optical fiber sensing with laser self-mixing interference (SMI) technology is proposed. A multi-coil optical fiber ring wound round a cylindrical acrylic skeleton was designed in order to sense the deformation caused by AE elastic waves, which was then demodulated using self-mixing interference technology. Finite element analyses were conducted in order to investigate the deformation of fiber under acoustic sources. AE signals induced via ball-dropping impact experiments were successfully detected by the proposed experimental system. The proposed SMI optical fiber AE sensing system has the advantages of being free from electromagnetic interference and having a simple structure, low implementation cost and high measurement resolution and sensitivity.

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“…So-called self-mixing interference refers to the fact that a part of the reflected or scattered light feedbacks into the laser cavity and interferes with the original light, resulting in changes in laser output characteristics. Compared with traditional interferometry used to measure the motion of an external target, selfmixing interferometry has been applied in many sensing fields, such as distance [6][7][8][9], angle [10][11][12], displacement [13][14][15][16], velocity [17][18][19], and other fields [20][21][22][23], due to its inherent advantages, such as its simple and compact structure, self-alignment, and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Precision Laser Self-Mixing Displacement Sensor Based on Orthogonal Signal Phase Multiplication Technique

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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A new signal processing method named orthogonal signal phase multiplication (OSPM) is proposed, which is used to improve the precision of vibration measurement in a phase-modulating self-mixing interferometer (SMI). The modulated signal is acquired by an electro-optic modulator, which is placed in the external cavity. Higher measurement precision is realized by performing the phase multiplication algorithm on the orthogonal signals extracted from the harmonic components of the signal spectrum. Theoretically, the displacement reconstruction precision of OSPM is higher than that of conventional modulation methods, and it can be continuously improved by increasing the multiplication times. The feasibility and performance of the proposed method are verified by simulated signals and confirmed by experiments; the absolute error is less than 11 nm, and relative error is less than 0.75%, within the amplitude range from 661 nm to 2013 nm. This method does not involve additional optical elements, and its effectiveness meet the requirements for real-time high-precision measurements.

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Signal extraction method based on spectral processing for a dual-channel SMI vibration sensor

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Laser Self-Mixing Interference: Optical Fiber Coil Sensors for Acoustic Emission Detection

High-Precision Laser Self-Mixing Displacement Sensor Based on Orthogonal Signal Phase Multiplication Technique

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