Objective
Asian Americans are the fastest-growing race in the United States. However,
they are largely underrepresented in health research, particularly lifestyle
interventions. A systematic review was conducted to analyze the characteristics and
quality of lifestyle intervention literature promoting changes in physical activity
(PA), diet, and/or weight management targeting Asian Americans.
Method
A systematic electronic database search identified randomized controlled
clinical trials (RCT), involving lifestyle interventions for Asian Americans, published
from 1995 to 2013 conducted in the U.S. Data extraction was conducted from August
through December 2013.
Results
Seven RCTs met the review criteria. Cross-study comparisons were difficult due
to diversity in: RCT intervention designs, cultural appropriateness, outcome measures,
sample size, and race/ethnic groups. Overall, risk of bias and cultural appropriateness
scores were moderate to low. Five out of seven RCTs showed significant between group
differences for PA, diet, and weight. In general, sample sizes were small or lacked
sufficient power to fully analyze intervention efficacy.
Conclusion
Evidence of the efficacy for lifestyle interventions among Asian Americans was
mixed. Recommendations include: more rigorous RCT designs, more objective measures,
larger Asian American sample sizes, culturally appropriate interventions, individual
tailoring, maintenance phase with support, and providing education and modeling of
lifestyle behaviors.