Siderophores in environmental research: roles and applications

Abstract

Siderophores are organic compounds with low molecular masses that are produced by microorganisms and plants growing under low iron conditions. The primary function of these compounds is to chelate the ferric iron [Fe(III)] from different terrestrial and aquatic habitats and thereby make it available for microbial and plant cells. Siderophores have received much attention in recent years because of their potential roles and applications in various areas of environmental research. Their significance in these applications is because siderophores have the ability to bind a variety of metals in addition to iron, and they have a wide range of chemical structures and specific properties. For instance, siderophores function as biocontrols, biosensors, and bioremediation and chelation agents, in addition to their important role in weathering soil minerals and enhancing plant growth. The aim of this literature review is to outline and discuss the important roles and functions of siderophores in different environmental habitats and emphasize the significant roles that these small organic molecules could play in applied environmental processes.

Isolation, Characterization and Selection of Bacteria that Promote Plant Growth in Grapevines (Vitis sp.)

“…In terms of siderophores, according to Benite, Machado, and Machado (2002), in the last three decades, over one hundred naturally occurring siderophores have been isolated and characterized, including those of bacterial (Streptomyces, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micobacterium) and fungal origin (Aspergillus, Penicillium). Production of these iron chelating agents can be very diverse and have many benefits, the most important ones being that they not only act as biocontrol, biosensor and bioremediation agents, but also promote plant growth (Ahmed & Holmström, 2014). Of all isolated bacteria, 34.8% produced cellulase and, according to Asghar et al (2002) and Glick (2012), plant growth can be indirectly promoted by reducing or inhibiting the activities of pathogenic microorganisms through the production of enzymes (such as cellulase and chitinases), antibiotics and siderophores by growth-promoting bacteria.…”

Медикаментозне Обмеження Доступності Іонів Заліза Для Патогенних Бактерій (Частина 1)

“…Сидерофоры представлены тремя группами низкомолекуляр-ных соединений: катехолатами, гидроксаматами, гидроксикарбоксилатами, которые с высокой аф-финностью хелатируют ионы железа (рис. 2) [3,6].…”

Siderophore Production by Microorganisms Isolated From a Podzol Soil Profile

“…Due to the low bioavailability of Fe in the environment, microorganisms have developed specific uptake strategies like production of siderophores (Ahmed and Holmström, 2014a). Siderophores are metal chelating agents with low molecular masses (200 to 2000 Daltons), which provide the microorganisms with an efficient Fe-acquisition system due to their high affinity for Fe(III) complexation (Schwyn and Neilands, 1987;Kraemer, 2004).…”

“…The production of the siderophores could help the microorganisms in their competition for mineral nutrients, in addition to function as a virulence factor to protect the microorganisms against other harmful microorganisms inhabiting in their environment (Lamont et al, 2002;Hibbing et al, 2010;Ahmed and Holmström, 2014a).…”