Siderophore mediated mineralization of struvite: A novel greener route of sustainable phosphate management

Recycling of nutrients from landfill leachate: A case study

“…High concentrations of Ca in particular are known to precipitate simultaneously as phosphate salts along struvite ( Krishnamoorthy et al., 2021 ; Pastor, 2008 ), mainly at pH > 10. Soluble ions could also precipitate due to chelation into struvite ( Nandre et al., 2021 ; Warmadewanthi et al., 2021 ). Coprecipitation of other minerals, such as hydroxylapatite, sulfohalite, and trisodium dipotassium triphosphidosilicate has been reported before ( Warmadewanthi et al., 2021 ), affecting the yield of struvite formation.…”

“…One of the alternatives to removing nutrients in nitrogen-enriched wastewater and landfill leachate is through precipitation of struvite, which is obtained in the presence of magnesium and phosphorus ( Tansel et al., 2018 ). The production of struvite also has been successful to remove phosphate on industrial wastewater ( Nandre et al., 2021 ).…”

Biomineralization of Nickel Struvite Linked to Metal Resistance in Streptomyces mirabilis

“…For gold minerals produced by a strain of Delftia acidovorans , a non-ribosomal peptide facilitates the precipitation of the minerals [ 12 ]. This might be linked to the observation that siderophores enhance struvite bioprecipitation [ 21 ]. A change in micromorphology is also possible if organic molecules modify the growing nanomineral surface.…”

“…The use of struvite mineralization in wastewater treatment has already been implemented [ 13 , 20 , 21 ]. With the observed nickel struvite biomineralization, a process not only removing high phosphate and magnesium concentrations to avoid eutrophy in wastewater receiving streams and lakes, but also treatment for nickel removal in bioremediation processes becomes feasible [ 24 , 29 ].…”

“…These authors also described bio-struvite formation by an actinobacterium, Mycobacterium sp., and even found evidence for control over crystal growth with some of their strains. Lately, the involvement of bacterial siderophores has been shown to play an important role in the process [ 21 ]. This is also of interest with respect to metal-resistant streptomycetes, as the concomitant production of three siderophores has previously been shown for S. acidiscabis E13 as well as S. mirabilis P16-B1 [ 22 , 23 ].…”