Sideband cooling of ions in radio-frequency traps

Peik, Ekkehard; Abel, Johann J.; Becker, Thomas E.; Zanthier, J. von; Walther, H.

doi:10.1103/physreva.60.439

Cited by 79 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The possibility of having an alternative way to cool trapped particles is particularly interesting for quantum information processing applications, because it may happen that the requirement of having two highly stable internal states for quantum logic operations and a good internal transition for sideband cooling cannot be simultaneously satisfied. With this respect other cooling strategies have been recently proposed, as for example the use of sympathetic cooling between two different species of ions [5,23]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility to control trapped particles, indeed, gave rise to new models in quantum computation [4], in which information is encoded in two internal electronic states of the ions and the two lowest Fock states of a vibrational collective mode are used to transfer and manipulate quantum information between them. It may happen however, that a trapped ion that is a favorable candidate for quantum information processing since it posseses a hyperfine structure with long coherence times (as for example 25 Mg + [5]), is not suitable for resolved sideband cooling. In such cases it may be helpful to have an alternative cooling technique, which can be applied when resolved sideband cooling is impractical to use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stochastic phase-space localization for a single trapped particle

2000

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic phase-space localization for a single trapped particle

2000

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“…Optical sideband cooling has proven efficient for the preparation of trapped ions close to their motional ground state [19][20][21].…”

Section: A Adding a Driving Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditional dynamics with N trapped ions require coupling of their internal and external degrees of freedom. Following the first preparation and detection of a single atom reported in [18] -prerequisite for many important studies with trapped ions -principal elements of ion trap quantum computing have been realized experimentally (for instance, [19][20][21][22][23][24]. )…”

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confidence: 99%

Conditional Spin Resonance with Trapped Ions

Wunderlich¹

2002

Laser Physics at the Limits

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Internal states of different ions in an electrodynamic trap are coupled when a static magnetic field is applied -analogous to spin-spin coupling in molecules used for NMR. This spin-spin interaction can be used, for example, to implement quantum logic operations in ion traps using NMR methods. The collection of trapped ions can be viewed as a N -qubit molecule with adjustable coupling constants. I. MOTIVATIONDigital information processing builds upon elementary physical elements ("bits") that may occupy either one of two possible states labelled 0 and 1, respectively. If a quantum system, for example, an individual atom having discrete energy eigenstates, is chosen as elementary switch ("qubit" ), then the general state of this system will be a superposition of the two computational basis states, i.e. the states chosen to represent the logic 0 and 1. When applying the superposition principle to a register comprising N qubits, one immediately sees that such a register can exist in a superposition of 2 N states thus representing 2 N binary encoded numbers simultaneously. Any operation on this register will act on all states at once, effecting parallel processing on an exponentially growing (with N ) number of states. The outcome of a measurement on this register after such an operation will, of course, yield just one out of 2 N possible results with a certain probability.In order to take advantage of quantum parallelism for efficient computing, a second ingredient is necessary: interference. A useful quantum algorithm has to exploit this parallelism, and, at the same time, make different computational paths interfere such that only the correct result survives after the last computational step [1]. An important example is Shor's algorithm for the factorization of large numbers [2]. Once created, coherent superpositions have to remain intact while a quantum algorithm is carried out, i.e. qubits must not in an uncontrollable way interact with their environment. This would lead to decoherence, an important issue, not only in the realm of quantum information processing (QIP), but also related to the notion of measurement in quantum mechanics [3,4].A quantum computer is ideally suited for the simulation of quantum mechanical systems [5,6], for example, to determine eigenvalues and eigenvectors of many-body systems [7]. Calculating the dynamics of chaotic systems is another useful line of action for a quantum computer, even for one that consists of only a few qubits [8]. Beneficial both for fundamental research and applications is the ability of a quantum computer -comprising a modest number of qubits and working with limited accuracy -to simulate the dynamics of a macroscopic ensemble of classical particles, a task not suitable even for modern supercomputers [9].In the course of a quantum computation entangled states of qubits are created exhibiting correlations between individual qubits that possess no classical analog. Fundamental questions concerning the role of entanglement, not only in QIP, but also in the framewor...

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“…Micromotion plays an important role in excess heating of trapped ions, e.g. , through unwanted Doppler shifts [20][21][22][23] and in conjunction with inevitable anharmonicities or stochastic changes of the trapping potential [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion-trajectory analysis for micromotion minimization and the measurement of small forces

Gloger

Kaufmann

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. A

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For experiments with ions confined in a Paul trap, minimization of micromotion is often essential. In order to diagnose and compensate micromotion we have implemented a method that allows for finding the position of the radio-frequency (rf) null reliably and efficiently, in principle, without any variation of direct current (dc) voltages. We apply a trap modulation technique and focus-scanning imaging to extract three-dimensional ion positions for various rf drive powers and analyze the power dependence of the equilibrium position of the trapped ion. In contrast to commonly used methods, the search algorithm directly makes use of a physical effect as opposed to efficient numerical minimization in a high-dimensional parameter space. Using this method we achieve a compensation of the residual electric field that causes excess micromotion in the radial plane of a linear Paul trap down to 0.09 V/m. Additionally, the precise position determination of a single harmonically trapped ion employed here can also be utilized for the detection of small forces. This is demonstrated by determining light pressure forces with a precision of 135 yN. As the method is based on imaging only, it can be applied to several ions simultaneously and is independent of laser direction and thus well-suited to be used with, for example, surface-electrode traps.

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Sideband cooling of ions in radio-frequency traps

Cited by 79 publications

References 35 publications

Stochastic phase-space localization for a single trapped particle

Stochastic phase-space localization for a single trapped particle

Conditional Spin Resonance with Trapped Ions

Ion-trajectory analysis for micromotion minimization and the measurement of small forces

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