SID1 transmembrane family, member 2 (Sidt2): A novel lysosomal membrane protein

Gao, Jialin; Gu, Xuefan; Zhang, Huiwen

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.09.133

Cited by 55 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, minimal co-localisation was observed between SIDT2 and EEA1 (Pearson’s r = 0.25) (Figure 1A, Supplemental video 3 and 4) or RAB11 (Pearson’s r = 0.06) (data not shown), which demarcate early and recycling endosomes respectively. These data indicate that SIDT2 predominantly resides in late endosomes and lysosomes, and are consistent with previous reports localising endogenously-expressed SIDT2 to the endo-lysosomal compartment (Buschow et al, 2012; Gao et al, 2010). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

SIDT2 Transports Extracellular dsRNA into the Cytoplasm for Innate Immune Recognition

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a common by-product of viral infections and acts as a potent trigger of anti-viral immunity. In the nematode C. elegans, sid-1 encodes a dsRNA transporter that is highly conserved throughout animal evolution, but the physiological role of SID-1 and its orthologs remains unclear. Here, we show that the mammalian SID-1 ortholog, SIDT2, is required to transport internalized extracellular dsRNA from endocytic compartments into the cytoplasm for immune activation. Sidt2 deficient mice exposed to extracellular dsRNA, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) show impaired production of anti-viral cytokines and – in the case of EMCV and HSV-1 – reduced survival. Thus, SIDT2 has retained the dsRNA transport activity of its C. elegans ortholog, and this transport is important for antiviral immunity.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

SIDT2 Transports Extracellular dsRNA into the Cytoplasm for Innate Immune Recognition

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although mammals have sophisticated immune systems and long dsRNA induces innate immune responses in mammalian cells, recent studies show that long dsRNA-mediated RNA interference exists and functions as an antiviral mechanism in mammals (31,32). M. musculus and Rattus norvegicus endogenously express SIDT2, which is an integral membrane protein that is primarily localized in the lysosome (33). Lysosomal SIDT2 may recognize dsRNA that localizes in the endocytic pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic RNA Interference Deficiency-1 (SID-1) Extracellular Domain Selectively Binds Long Double-stranded RNA and Is Required for RNA Transport by SID-1

Koutmou

Leahy

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In planaria, silencing in response to ingested dsRNA can occur in most tissues (Rouhana et al, 2013) and weak homologs of SID-1 are present (Zayas et al, 2005) but the roles of these homologs in the uptake of dsRNA are yet to be evaluated. Finally, a mammalian homolog of SID-1, SidT2, is a lysosomal membrane protein (Jialin et al, 2010), which is in contrast to the reported plasma membrane localization of C. elegans SID-1 (Winston et al, 2002), and mouse knockouts of SidT2 have impaired glucose tolerance (Gao et al, 2013), which is in contrast to the lack of obvious defects in C. elegans that lack SID-1 (Winston et al, 2002), suggesting that SID-1 and its mammalian homologs also have alternative function(s). An intriguing clue to such alternative functions comes from a close inspection of sequence similarity, which suggests that both SID-1 and CHUP-1 have a domain with weak similarity to hydrolases (Pei et al, 2011).…”

Section: Import Into Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of regulatory RNA between animal cells

Jose

2015

Genesis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Recent studies suggest that RNA can move from one cell to another and regulate genes through specific base-pairing. Mechanisms that modify or select RNA for secretion from a cell are unclear. Secreted RNA can be stable enough to be detected in the extracellular environment and can enter the cytosol of distant cells to regulate genes. Mechanisms that import RNA into the cytosol of an animal cell can enable uptake of RNA from many sources including other organisms. This role of RNA is akin to that of steroid hormones, which cross cell membranes to regulate genes. The potential diagnostic use of RNA in human extracellular fluids has ignited interest in understanding mechanisms that enable the movement of RNA between animal cells. Genetic model systems will be essential to gain more confidence in proposed mechanisms of RNA transport and to connect an extracellular RNA with a specific biological function. Studies in the worm C. elegans and in other animals have begun to reveal parts of this novel mechanism of cell-to-cell communication. Here, I summarize the current state of this nascent field, highlight the many unknowns, and suggest future directions.

show abstract

SID1 transmembrane family, member 2 (Sidt2): A novel lysosomal membrane protein

Cited by 55 publications

References 24 publications

SIDT2 Transports Extracellular dsRNA into the Cytoplasm for Innate Immune Recognition

SIDT2 Transports Extracellular dsRNA into the Cytoplasm for Innate Immune Recognition

Systemic RNA Interference Deficiency-1 (SID-1) Extracellular Domain Selectively Binds Long Double-stranded RNA and Is Required for RNA Transport by SID-1

Movement of regulatory RNA between animal cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About