Sickle Cell Disease Presenting as Extradural Hematoma: An Extremely Rare Fatal Crisis

Shah, Divit; Reddy, Harshita; Kumar, Sunil; Acharya, Sourya

doi:10.7759/cureus.27004

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using advanced imaging methods like MRI and Doppler ultrasound can aid in diagnosing and managing VOC in SCD. These methods give relevant data on the size and intensity of VOC incidents, enabling physicians to form educated treatment plans and boost patients' results [39,40,42]. Vaso-occlusion, the hallmark of VOC, can be assessed through various clinical and laboratory parameters like clinical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and various imaging studies [40].…”

Section: Role Of Mri and Doppler Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Biomarkers of Acute Vaso-Occlusive Sickle Cell Crisis

Khurana,

Mahajan,

Acharya

et al. 2024

Cureus

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It is known that an inherited blood condition called sickle cell disease (SCD) is a result of one gene. A number of blood and urine biomarkers have been determined in association with lab and clinical history for SCD patients. SCD has numerous interacting pathways associated with it, which have been identified by biomarkers. These mechanisms consist of some examples, such as endothelial vasodilation response, hypercoagulability, hemolysis, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and reperfusion injury among others. To effectively manage SCD, a comprehensive panel of validated blood and urine biomarkers must be established. Despite its monogenic inheritance, the complex nature of the SCD phenotype has impeded progress in its treatment. However, significant strides have been made in clinical biotechnology, paving the way for potential breakthroughs. In SCD, a panel of verified blood and urine biomarkers must be established, however. Despite monogenic inheritance, the great complexity of the SCD phenotype has hindered progress in its management. With few exceptions, clinical biomarkers of illness severity have been found through epidemiological investigations; nevertheless, systematic integration of these biomarkers into clinical treatment algorithms has not occurred. Furthermore, sickle cell crisis, the primary acute consequence of SCD, has been difficult to diagnose with the biomarkers now in use. Inadequate care and a lack of appropriate outcome measures for clinical research are the consequences of these diagnostic constraints. A new chapter in SCD customized treatment has begun with recent advancements in molecular and imaging diagnostics. Strategies in precision medicine are especially relevant now that molecular therapies are within reach. The significance of biochemical indicators linked to clinical manifestation and sub-phenotype identification in SCD is reviewed in this research.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Mri and Doppler Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Biomarkers of Acute Vaso-Occlusive Sickle Cell Crisis

Khurana,

Mahajan,

Acharya

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…While originally linked to subacute bacterial endocarditis, their presence has been documented in many conditions, including leukemia, hypertensive retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, anemia, and pre-eclampsia. Among the myriad conditions associated with Roth spots, sickle cell anemia is a relatively uncommon but noteworthy entity [ 2 ]. Various theories attempt to explain the origin of retinal hemorrhages with white centers, with the prevailing view attributing them to retinal capillary rupture due to endothelial cell dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roth Spots: A Rare Finding in Sickle Cell Anemia

Kothari,

Chiwhane,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Cureus

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White-centered, flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages, also known as Roth spots, occur in several diseases, most often in subacute bacterial endocarditis. Other conditions such as leukemia, hypertensive retinopathy, and pre-eclampsia are other causes. Here, we present the case of a 32-year-old female with sickle cell anemia (HbSS) who was treated at the hospital after experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Fundus examination was performed to rule out sickle cell retinopathies, suggesting the presence of Roth spots in the retina which are rarely seen in sickle cell disease.

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Spontaneous extradural hematoma in a Sickle cell Beta Thalassemia patient—A rare complication

Ghimire

2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Spontaneous extradural hematoma in Sickle cell disease is rare neurological complication with few cases reported in the English literature. We report a case of a 16‐year‐old male patient who was previously diagnosed with Sickle Cell Beta Thalassemia and presented with severe headache and vomiting for 3 days. An emergency CT scan of the head demonstrated right‐sided acute parietal extradural hematoma with mass effect. Patient underwent emergent craniotomy with evacuation of the hematoma. Patient recovered completely. Although calvarial infarction has been associated with extradural hematoma, an absence of it makes our case distinct. A high index of suspicion should be made in SCD patients for possibility of EDH in progressive headache.

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Sickle Cell Disease Presenting as Extradural Hematoma: An Extremely Rare Fatal Crisis

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Clinical Biomarkers of Acute Vaso-Occlusive Sickle Cell Crisis

Clinical Biomarkers of Acute Vaso-Occlusive Sickle Cell Crisis

Roth Spots: A Rare Finding in Sickle Cell Anemia

Spontaneous extradural hematoma in a Sickle cell Beta Thalassemia patient—A rare complication

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