Sick pets as potential reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Singapore

Hartantyo, Sri Harminda Pahm; Chau, Man Ling; Fillon, Laurent; Ariff, Ahmad Zhafir Bin Mohamad; Kang, Joanne Su Lin; Aung, Kyaw Thu; Gutiérrez, Ramona Alikiiteaga

doi:10.1186/s13756-018-0399-9

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Academic projects implemented prior to 2018 were primarily independent and one-off. (35,46,47) With the announcement of the National Strategic Action Plan against AMR, however, representatives of the MOH, AVA, NEA and PUB have made an effort to initiate AMR surveillance in the animal, food and environmental sectors, and this information will be incorporated into a joint 'One Health' report along with the NARCC annual reports in the near future.…”

Section: Local Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is ongoing research in these sectors, much more work is needed to develop new vaccines, drugs, animal management systems and husbandry practices. (46,51) In addition, there is a need to understand how antibiotics may contribute to the selection and spread of drug-resistant organisms in the natural environment. This information is necessary to better control the transmission of drug-resistant organisms between the human, animal, food and environment sectors.…”

Section: Local Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ten-year narrative review on antimicrobial resistance in Singapore

Chua¹,

Kwa²,

Tan³

et al. 2019

smedj

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) results in drug-resistant infections that are harder to treat, subsequently leading to increased morbidity and mortality. In 2008, we reviewed the problem of AMR in Singapore, limiting our discussion to the human healthcare sector. Ten years later, we revisit this issue again, reviewing current efforts to contain it in order to understand the progress made as well as current and emerging challenges. Although a significant amount of work has been done to control AMR and improve antibiotic prescribing in Singapore, most of it has focused on the hospital setting, with mixed impact. The role of antibiotic use and AMR in food animals and the environment-and the link to human health-is better understood today. This issue of AMR encompasses both human health as well as animal/food safety, and efforts to control it will need to continually evolve to maintain or improve on current gains.

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Section: Local Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten-year narrative review on antimicrobial resistance in Singapore

Chua¹,

Kwa²,

Tan³

et al. 2019

smedj

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“…Antimicrobial resistance has become one of the most challenging problems for public health and results in 700,000 deaths annually (O'Neill, 2016). Antibiotic misuse has led to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in humans, food animals, pets, songbirds, water, and soil and even agricultural plants, and this represents a significant threat to public health security (Carter et al, 2018;Hartantyo et al, 2018;Anderson et al, 2019;Chen et al, 2019;Gros et al, 2019;Sanchez et al, 2019;Vikesland et al, 2019). However, novel ARGs have emerged that encode resistance to carbapenems (bla NDM , bla IMP , bla VIM , and bla KPC ) (Perez and Bonomo, 2019) colistin (mcr-1 to 9) and tigecycline (tetX3 and tetX4) (Carroll et al, 2019;He et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Prevalence of ESBL-Producing Multidrug Resistance Escherichia coli From Diseased Pets in Beijing, China From 2012 to 2017

et al. 2019

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We investigated antimicrobial resistance trends and characteristics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pets and whether this correlates with antibiotic usage in the clinic. Clinical samples containing E. coli from diseased cats and dogs were screened for antibiotic sensitivity and associated genotypic features. We identified 127 E. coli isolates from 1886 samples from dogs (n = 1565) and cats (n = 321) with the majority from urinary tract infections (n = 108, 85%). High rates of resistance were observed for β-lactams and fluoroquinolones and resistance to > 3 antibiotic classes (MDR) increased from 67% in 2012 to 75% in 2017 (P < 0.0001). This was especially true for strains resistant to 6-9 antibiotics that increased from 26.67 to 60.71%. Increased rates in β-lactam use for clinical treatment accompanied these increasing resistance rates. Accordingly, the most frequently encountered subtypes were bla CTX-M (n = 44, 34.65%), bla CTX-M-65 (n = 19) and bla CTX-M-15 (n = 18) and qnrB (n = 119, 93.70%). The bla CTX-M-isolates possessed 36 unique pulsed field electrophoretic types (PFGEs) and 28 different sequence types (STs) in ST405 (7, 15.9%), ST131 (3, 6.8%), ST73, ST101, ST372, and ST827 (2, 4.5% each) were the most prevalent. This data demonstrated a high level of diversity for the bla CTX-M-positive E. coli isolates. Additionally, bla NDM-5 was detected in three isolates (n = 3, 2.36%), comprised of two ST101 and one ST405 isolates, and mcr-1 was also observed in three colistin-resistant E. coli with three different STs (ST6316, ST405, and ST46). Our study demonstrates an increasing trend in MDR and ESBL-producing E. coli and this correlated with β-lactam antibiotic usage for treatment of these animals. This data indicates that there is significant risk for the spread of resistant bacteria from pets to humans and antibiotic use for pets should be more strictly regulated.

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“…For instance, the World Bank (17) has estimated a 10% production loss in the livestock sector in low-and middleincome countries by 2050. In addition, infected animals may shed these bacteria, posing a threat to other farm animals, household pets, and humans, through direct contact or environmental contamination (11,18). Infected animals may also act as a reservoir for resistant bacteria, which might enter the food chain (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%