Sick leave due to COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave in France, 2020

Abstract

ObjectivesTo quantify the burden of COVID-19-related sick leave during the first pandemic wave in France, accounting for sick leaves due to symptomatic COVID-19 (‘symptomatic sick leaves’) and those due to close contact with COVID-19 cases (‘contact sick leaves’).MethodsWe combined data from a national demographic database, an occupational health survey, a social behaviour survey and a dynamic SARS-CoV-2 transmission model. Sick leave incidence from 1 March 2020 to 31 May 2020 was estimated by summing daily probabilities of symptomatic and contact sick leaves, stratified by age and administrative region.ResultsThere were an estimated 1.70M COVID-19-related sick leaves among France’s 40M working-age adults during the first pandemic wave, including 0.42M due to COVID-19 symptoms and 1.28M due to COVID-19 contacts. There was great geographical variation, with peak daily sick leave incidence ranging from 230 in Corse (Corsica) to 33 000 in Île-de-France (the greater Paris region), and greatest overall burden in regions of north-eastern France. Regional sick leave burden was generally proportional to local COVID-19 prevalence, but age-adjusted employment rates and contact behaviours also contributed. For instance, 37% of symptomatic infections occurred in Île-de-France, but 45% of sick leaves. Middle-aged workers bore disproportionately high sick leave burden, owing predominantly to greater incidence of contact sick leaves.ConclusionsFrance was heavily impacted by sick leave during the first pandemic wave, with COVID-19 contacts accounting for approximately three-quarters of COVID-19-related sick leaves. In the absence of representative sick leave registry data, local demography, employment patterns, epidemiological trends and contact behaviours can be synthesised to quantify sick leave burden and, in turn, predict economic consequences of infectious disease epidemics.

Workplace leave patterns among Victorian health care workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic

“…During this period, overall leave rates were higher than in previous years, likely reflecting a surge in infections and exposures among hospital workers in the context of widespread community transmission. These findings are consistent with sickness absence trends observed in the United Kingdom and France during their first waves of COVID‐19 infection 8,9 . Observed leave trends may also reflect the influence of several external factors, including initial restrictions on movement and socialisation and early sentiments among workers of ‘rising to the occasion’ 3 .…”

“…These findings are consistent with sickness absence trends observed in the United Kingdom and France during their first waves of COVID-19 infection. 8,9 Observed leave trends may also reflect the influence of several external factors, including initial restrictions on movement and socialisation and early sentiments among workers of 'rising to the occasion'. 3 Other contributing factors may include high broader societal responsibilities such as caring for dependents with COVID-19 and home-schooling duties.…”

Teleworking and health in an epidemic context: contrasting the infectious and non-communicable diseases perspectives

“…IDs represent a substantial socioeconomic burden (36), which can justify the implementation of teleworking as an intervention to reduce disease spread. Part of this burden is related to sick leave (37), which can lead companies to act in order to minimise disease incidence among their employees. However, when designing a teleworking policy, deciders need to account for feasibility, legal and ethical criteria.…”