Si–Ni Nanofoam Composites with a 3D Nanoporous Structure as a High-Loading Lithium-Ion Battery Anode

Abstract

Nanoporous metals have attracted much attention in energy storage due to their nanoporous structure, large specific surface area, three-dimensional (3D) conductive network, and excellent ductility. Especially as a current collector, nanoporous metals have unparalleled advantages. In this work, we develop a facile method to fabricate Si–Ni nanofoam composites for a high-loading Si anode in a lithium (Li)-ion battery. The Si particles in the composites take full advantage of Ni nanofoams to overcome the series of problems caused by the volume expansion of Si materials. By introducing a constant current–constant voltage mode, as a high-loading Si anode, the composite electrode exhibits high capacity and excellent cycling performance (1.39 mAh cm–2 after 100 cycles, with 69.5% capacity retention). In addition, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image after the cycles shows that the Ni nanofoams can play a role similar to the steel mesh in reinforced concrete, stabilize the composite electrode structure, and improve the Li storage performance.

Versatile Synthesis of Nanofoams through Femtosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition

“…Among the most interesting attributes of nanofoams is their low mass density, typically falling within the range of 1-100 mg cm À3 . This, in combination with a very high surface-tovolume ratio, makes nanofoams interesting for a broad range of applications, including supercapacitor devices, [1,2] energy storage, [3,4] hydrogen storage, [5,6] advanced catalysis, [7,8] solar energy conversion, [9,10] pollutant removal, [11,12] gas sensing, [13,14] and nanomedicine. [15,16] In the past years, nanofoams have been studied as effective enhancers in high-intensity laser-matter interaction [17] for laser-driven ion acceleration, [18][19][20][21] neutron [22] and radioisotopes generation, [23] and inertial confinement fusion.…”

Si/SnS2 Nanocomposite for Lithium Ion Battery Anodes

“…In order to meet the higher requirements of life and production for anode specific capacity, the development of high specific capacity anode materials that can replace graphite anodes has become a priority. After studying the charging and discharging characteristics of silicon-based materials, metal oxides and metal sulfides, it has been found that a single material has certain limitations, so researchers have focused on the research of composite anode materials. − …”

Biomass Alginate Derived Oxygen-Enriched Carbonaceous Materials with Partially Graphitic Nanolayers for High Performance Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…In addition, graphite has the potential to create issues with lithium dendrites since it is a conductive material. Because of these unfavorable qualities, graphite is unable to fulfill the enormous demand for next-generation LIBs in the rapidly expanding market for consumer devices [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. As a result, other new forms of carbonaceous materials with varying textures and morphologies, such as porous carbon materials, active carbon, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphene, and hybrid carbon, have been developed as excellent electrode materials for the purpose of improving lithium storage capacity [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”