Si-based Anode Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Progress

Abstract

Si-based anode materials offer significant advantages, such as high specific capacity, low voltage platform, environmental friendliness, and abundant resources, making them highly promising candidates to replace graphite anodes in the next generation of high specific energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the commercialization of Si-based anodes for LIBs encounters significant barriers due to inherent challenges. These challenges encompass a range of issues, including poor electrical conductivity, substantial volume expansion during the lithiation−delithiation process, severe pulverization of the electrodes, pronounced thickening of the solid electrolyte interphase film, low Coulombic efficiency, and limited cycling performance. Each of these factors leads to the complexity of realizing the full potential of Si-based anodes in commercial LIBs applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary and discussion of recent research on Si-based LIB anodes, focusing on the microscopic morphology of Si and the development of Si-based composite materials. By offering a novel perspective, this review aims to provide an overview and insightful discussion of Sibased anodes. The latest research findings are presented, and innovative viewpoints and reasonable insights are addressed, shedding light on the potential solutions to overcome the limitations associated with Si-based anodes.

Achievements, challenges, and perspectives in the design of polymer binders for advanced lithium-ion batteries

“…Tremendous efforts have been devoted to addressing the aforementioned drawbacks of Si anodes to improve their capacity, cycle performance and rate capability. 62,512,513…”

Binder-Free Intertwined Si and MnO2 Composite Electrode for High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anode

“…In light of the substantial surge in the utilization of portable smart wearable devices and other electronic gadgets, there is an exponential escalation in the demand for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). − Silicon, as the next-generation anode material, exhibits high theoretical capacity (Li 15 Si 4 , 3579 mAh g –1 ), environmental friendliness, and abundant reserves. − Nevertheless, intrinsic drawbacks of silicon hinder its application, namely, the drastic volume change of 300% during charge/discharge. − The structural damage of silicon particles caused by the significant volume expansion/contraction will lead to the repetitive formation/disruption of the solid-electrolyte interface (SEI), as well as the degradation of active materials. − Therefore, mitigating the silicon volume expansion and maintaining good cycle stability of electrodes will expand the practical application of Si-based materials.…”

Calcium silicate composited nano-Si anode with low expansion and high performance for lithium-ion batteries

“…Notably, the reaction temperature of MgO and SiO x is as high as 1100 ℃, leading to excessive growth of silicon crystallite. The overgrown silicon grains are apt to pulverize during cycling, resulting in rapid capacity decay [33,34] . Furthermore, Mg and Mg 2 Si powders are limited to large-scale synthesis because of safety issues.…”