Shrinkage of Scots pine wood as an effect of different tree growth rates, a comparison of regeneration methods

Abstract

The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus) is one of the most important commercial tree species in Central Europe, yet we know very little about the variability of its wood properties. The aim of this study is to primarily analyse the impact of different tree growth rates and site characteristics on the shrinkage of Scots pine wood. The investigated forest stands are located at two sites of the Czech Republic that are characteristic for Scots pine silviculture. At each site, sample trees were selected from two stands representing two variants of the silvicultural treatment, i.e. a clear-cutting and shelterwood system with long regeneration period. Wood shrinkage in radial and tangential directions and volumetric shrinkage were determined in accordance with Czech standards. Lower values of shrinkage were found out in forest stands regenerated by the shelterwood method. The wood in the central part of the trunk shows lower shrinkage values than in the basal part in both stands. The unambiguous effect of the horizontal position in the trunk stem was demonstrated in forest stands regenerated by the clear-cutting method, whilst stands regenerated by the shelterwood method showed a more even distribution of shrinkage along the trunk width. Furthermore, it was found that the shrinkage of the Scots pine has a medium dependence on wood density.

The Structural, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of Wood from Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Affected by Scots Pine Blister Rust

“…Cronartium pini was shown to affect wood shrinkage, which was lower for infected wood than for healthy wood, with the latter exhibiting values similar to average pine wood shrinkage [17,19,21,49]. According to Tomczak and Jelonek [21], wood shrinkage does not depend on the height on the stem, and so the values determined for healthy wood in our study are consistent with the reports of other authors who examined the basal part of the trunk.…”

“…According to Tomczak and Jelonek [21], wood shrinkage does not depend on the height on the stem, and so the values determined for healthy wood in our study are consistent with the reports of other authors who examined the basal part of the trunk. In our case, infected wood exhibited lower shrinkage and higher dimensional stability because of excessive content of resin, which decreases wood shrinkage due to cell wall buckling [50] and occupies space that would normally be taken by water [19]. Cronartium pini did not affect longitudinal shrinkage or anisotropy, which was found to be close to 2 both for infected and healthy wood, considerably exceeding the values generally accepted for the species.…”

“…These criteria are met by the Scots pine, which is one the most important tree species in the world. It has been primarily studied in terms of its structure [12,13] and physical properties [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] (and especially density [13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]) as well as mechanical properties [29][30][31][32][33].…”

Improvement on Several Physical and Mechanical Properties of Jati Utama Nusantara Wood by Thermal Compression Treatment

“…Dimensional stability, presented by the T/R ratio, presents one of the wood properties that should be considered in determining the wood uses. This statement relates to the temperature and humidity fluctuation of the environment where the wood products are installed (Schönfelder, Zeidler, Borůvka, Bílek, & Lexa, 2018). The ideal T/R value of wood, according to Anish, Anoop, Vishnu, Sreejith, and Jijeesh (2015) should be a unity (one), which implies that the tangential shrinkage is equal to radial shrinkage.…”

Propiedades físicas y biomasa fustal dePinus engelmanniiproveniente de unaplantación en Durango

“…Dónde: CH es el contenido de humedad (%), Pi peso inicial (saturado) (g), Po peso anhidro (g). Las contracciones volumétricas totales se determinaron de acuerdo a la fórmula propuesta por Schönfelder (2018).…”