Shrimp miR-34 from Shrimp Stress Response to Virus Infection Suppresses Tumorigenesis of Breast Cancer

Abstract

During host stress response against virus infection, some animal microRNAs (miRNAs) can be upregulated to restore the virus-caused metabolic disorder of host cells via suppressing the expressions of miRNAs’ target genes. These antiviral miRNAs may have antitumor capacity, because tumorigenesis results from metabolic disorder of cells. However, this subject has not been explored. In this study, the results showed that shrimp miR-34, which was upregulated during white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, had antiviral activity in shrimp. The expression of shrimp miR-34 in breast cancer cells and in mice suppressed the growth and metastasis of breast cancer by targeting human CCND1, CDK6, CCNE2, E2F3, FOSL1, and MET genes in a cross-phylum manner. The results of this study indicated that miRNAs with antiviral activities can be promising sources for antitumor drug discovery.

Shrimp Antiviral mja-miR-35 Targets CHI3L1 in Human M2 Macrophages and Suppresses Breast Cancer Metastasis

“…MiR-103 and miR-107 regulate glucose and insulin homeostasis ( 17 ), while miR-34a is a key regulator of hepatic lipid homeostasis ( 18 ). As reported, an individual miRNA can exert its function by targeting multiple mRNAs ( 19 , 20 ). In this context, the antiviral miRNAs of invertebrate may possess anti-tumor activity of humans in a cross-species manner.…”

Role of DCP1-DCP2 complex regulated by viral and host microRNAs in DNA virus infection

“…The mature miRNA strand is liberated from the miRNA:miRNA* duplex and integrated into the RNA induced silencing complex (RISC), and inhibits the expression of cognate mRNA through degradation or translation repression in the RISC (18). During virus infection the host miRNAs or/and viral miRNAs can regulate virus infection by targeting viral or/and host genes (2, 17, 23, 24, 27–29, 31, 32, 38). As well reported, the virus-encoded miRNAs (viral mRNAs) can target virus and/or host genes, leading to virus infection or virus latency (29, 32, 38, 39).…”

“…(15). In the virus-host interactions, the gene expressions can be regulated by host and/or virus miRNAs (20–31). In shrimp, the host miRNAs expression are altered by the infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a virus with a double-stranded DNA genome (25, 27, 30, 31).…”

“…In the virus-host interactions, the gene expressions can be regulated by host and/or virus miRNAs (20–31). In shrimp, the host miRNAs expression are altered by the infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a virus with a double-stranded DNA genome (25, 27, 30, 31). Shrimp miR-7 can target the WSSV early gene wsv477, thus inhibiting virus infection (17), while a viral miRNA can target the shrimp caspase 8 gene to suppress the host antiviral apoptosis (25).…”

The role of shrimp microRNAs in immune response and beyond

“…The expression of shrimp miR‐34 was tested in vitro with breast cancer cells and in vivo using mice, and the results showed the suppression of the growth and metastasis of cancer cells by targeting mRNAs of human genes CCND1, CDK6, CCNE2, E2F3, FOSL1 and MET in a cross‐phylum manner (Cui et al . ). Together, these evidences indicated that invertebrate miRNAs might be important sources for novel antitumour drugs.…”