Shoulder Injury and Response Due to Lateral Glenohumeral Joint Impact: An Analysis of Combined Data

Development and Full Body Validation of a 5th Percentile Female Finite Element Model

“…All simulations were conducted on version 2.3 of the model. Overall, six regional loading regimes were simulated: a frontal chest impact Lebarbé and Petit 2012), two lateral shoulder impacts (Kemper et al 2008;Koh et al 2005), an oblique thoracoabdominal impact ), a frontal abdomen impact , and a lateral pelvis impact . Four full body impact environments were also simulated: a frontal sled test , a lateral sled test ), a drop test , and a rear seat frontal impact (Forman et al 2009;Michaelson et al 2008).…”

“…The impact force was modeled as the contact force between the impactor and the shoulder. Model data were filtered using SAE CFC180 as per Koh et al (Koh et al 2005). Corridors were developed from unpadded impacts to 5 male and 1 female PMHS with an average mass of 68.8 ± 12.0 (Table G 1).…”

“…This ratio is then used to derive the scale factors of interest. For this impact, a full body mass of 75 kg was used as the reference (Koh et al 2005).…”

Clavicle Fracture Prediction: Simulation of Shoulder Lateral Impacts With Geometrically Personalized Finite Elements Models

“…A 1.15 mmthickness was set according to observations from the literature on subjects of similar age. 12,23 At this first stage of the study, considering the low frequency of humerus and scapula fractures in shoulder lateral impacts, [3][4][5] it was chosen not to go deeper in the personalization of these two bone models.…”

“…Studies in which shoulder impact tests were performed on postmortem human surrogates (PMHS) with loading rates close to those found during car lateral impacts confirmed that the major shoulder injury is the clavicle fracture. [3][4][5] Hines et al, 6 citing a former study, 7 reported that the traffic-related clavicular injuries rose from 1952 to 1972 up to 25% of all the clavicle fractures. Robinson et al 8 studied 1,000 patients with isolated clavicle fractures and reported that 272 of these injuries were caused by road traffic crashes (27.2%).…”