Should Visual Snow and Visual Snow Syndrome Be Evaluated Outside of Standard In-clinic Ophthalmologic Testing?

Fraser, Clare E; Vaphiades, Michael S.; Stavern, Gregory P. Van; Lee, Andrew G.

doi:10.1097/wno.0000000000001675

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In most cases, further investigations are not required when there is a typical history and normal physical examination. However, given that for many general ophthalmologists the diagnosis of VSS and the recognition of the classic syndrome compared to the potential 'red flags' (see Table 2) may not be simple, a case could be argued that ERG and MRI are required as part of a diagnosis of exclusion [28].…”

Section: Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnostic evaluation of VSS can be nuanced, and the diagnosis should be made on a case-by-case basis; however, if the VSS originated at an early age, is non-progressive and typical in historical presentation, the patient has a normal neuroophthalmic examination including normal perimetry and macular OCT; then, ancillary testing is generally unnecessary [28].…”

Section: When To Consider Electrophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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How do I recognise and manage visual snow syndrome?

Fraser

2024

Eye

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Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is becoming increasingly recognised by clinicians and self-diagnosed by our patients thanks to online search tools. Previously this phenomenon was overlooked or dismissed leading to increased patient anxiety. Now, however, we need to be careful with that we are not making what would seem to be an easy diagnosis of VSS when actually we are missing any underlying or mimic conditions.

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Section: Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: When To Consider Electrophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

How do I recognise and manage visual snow syndrome?

Fraser

2024

Eye

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“…In general, when VS or VSS presents non-progressively at an early age, with typical symptoms and normal neurologic and ophthalmologic (including automated perimetry and macular OCT) examinations, further workup is likely not necessary. Other investigations, including electroretinogram and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), should be considered in new onset cases, if the symptoms are not completely fitting the diagnostic criteria or if the patient’s history changes over time [ 25 ].…”

Section: What Is Visual Snow?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual snow syndrome and migraine: a review

Silva

Puledda

2023

Eye

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Visual snow syndrome is a neurological condition characterized by ongoing prominent phenomena described consistently as tiny dots moving across the entire visual field, often associated with complex visual symptoms. These can take the form of afterimages, entoptic phenomena, nyctalopia and light sensitivity. Although some of these symptoms can be benign, they can nonetheless become significantly impactful for many who experience them, particularly in cases that have a sudden and abrupt start. As visual snow syndrome becomes increasingly recognized in clinical practice we begin to learn about its typical presentation and underlying pathophysiology. Treatment of visual snow, however, still proves quite challenging, and efforts need to be focused on unravelling the biological mechanisms of the syndrome. This endeavour has characterized the most recent research on visual snow, mostly involving neuroimaging, neurophysiological and neurobehavioral studies aimed at understanding its underlying neural signature. Another important aspect of the syndrome, which will likely prove critical in deepening our understanding of visual snow, is represented by the intricate biological and historical connexion with migraine. This narrative review focused on visual snow syndrome will explore its clinical, pathophysiological and treatment aspects in detail.

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Should Visual Snow and Visual Snow Syndrome Be Evaluated Outside of Standard In-clinic Ophthalmologic Testing?

Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

How do I recognise and manage visual snow syndrome?

How do I recognise and manage visual snow syndrome?

Visual snow syndrome and migraine: a review

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