Should I use magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate horses with foot penetrations?

Meehan, L.

doi:10.1111/eve.12724

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Furthermore, deep digital flexor tendon lesions detected on MRI in this study differed from most commonly reported strain‐type injuries of the deep digital flexor tendon . These injuries have been previously categorized into the following four types: core, dorsal border, sagittal plane split, and insertional injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Nonetheless, MRI diagnostic and prognostic values were endorsed. More recently a review article discussed if MRI should be used to evaluate horses presented for penetrating injuries of the foot . In this previous paper, the author concluded that MRI was useful in the assessment of tract direction and depth, and evaluation of soft tissue injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Horses with solar foot penetration, deep digital flexor tendon injury, and absence of concurrent synovial sepsis can have a positive outcome

Schiavo

Cillán‐García

Elce

et al. 2018

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Solar foot penetration is one of the causes of deep digital flexor tendon injuries in horses, however, limited information is available on the prognosis for return to soundness in the absence of synovial sepsis. Objectives of this retrospective observational study were to describe low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and long-term outcome for a group of horses with this combination of clinical problems. Horses were included if low-field standing MRI of the foot was performed following puncture wounds, injury of the deep digital flexor tendon was diagnosed, and sepsis was confirmed to be absent in all adjacent synovial structures (distal interphalangeal joint, navicular bursa, and digital flexor tendon sheath). Medical records were reviewed and MRI studies were re-interpreted. Follow-up information was obtained via a telephone questionnaire at a minimum of 6 months post-injury. A total of 11 horses met inclusion criteria. In three horses, the deep digital flexor tendon injury was only visible in the T2 fast spin echo sequence and contrast radiography improved diagnostic certainty. The most commonly affected area was between the distal border of the distal sesamoid bone and the facies flexoria of the distal phalanx (6/11, 55%). Six horses (60%) had an excellent outcome (5, show jumping; 1, general purpose) and returned to full athletic function. Five horses (40%) were sound but had not yet resumed full work at the time of follow-up. Findings indicated that the prognosis for return to soundness can be good for horses with solar penetration, deep digital flexor injury, and absence of synovial sepsis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horses with solar foot penetration, deep digital flexor tendon injury, and absence of concurrent synovial sepsis can have a positive outcome

Schiavo

Cillán‐García

Elce

et al. 2018

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Spondylosis deformans occur at a low prevalence in horses with back pain (Meehan et al., 2009). Similar to osteoarthritis of the articular process joints, spondylosis deformans can be found alone or in combination with other osseous abnormalities (Meehan, 2017). Lesions often are seen in the mid to caudal thoracic spine (T10‐T14) and the majority of horses have more than one lesion (Meehan et al., 2009).…”

Section: Other Thoracolumbar Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Should radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine remain part of the pre‐purchase examination?

Looijen,

Morgan

2024

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryThe inclusion of thoracolumbar radiographs in a pre‐purchase examination (PPE) is a topic of current and intense debate, subsequent to a statement from the Federation of European Equine Veterinary Associations (FEEVA) advocating the exclusion of spinous process radiography from the PPE. This review will consider the reasons behind the addition of such radiographs into PPEs, the limitations of radiography in ambulatory practice and therefore, the diagnostic limitations to the practitioner, the diagnostic benefit of a complete radiographic examination, and discussion of common and less‐frequent thoracolumbar pathologies. We will focus on laterolateral radiographs of the spinous processes as these are most commonly acquired during the PPE. The lack of consistent and repeatable grading systems highlights the subjective nature and variability in assessing this region radiographically. Coupled with the sparse scientific evidence of correlation between clinical signs of primary back pain, future performance in different levels and disciplines of equine athletes and radiographic abnormalities of the thoracolumbar spine leads us to conclude that taking radiographs of the back during PPEs should not be performed unless the clinical examination indicates otherwise.

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“…In acute injuries, hemorrhage within the tract can be identified by a high‐intensity signal on STIR sequence in combination with a hypointense signal on T2*‐weighted sequence (and often a hypointense signal on T1‐weighted sequence) 5 . Magnetic resonance imaging, due to its widespread availability and the convenience of low‐field standing MRI systems in particular, has been adopted as de facto gold standard imaging modality for assessment of solar penetrations in horses 6,7 . However, certain limitations of MRI for this indication have been recognized, including difficulties in identifying wooden foreign bodies 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT more accurately detects foreign bodies within the equine foot than MRI or digital radiography

Ogden

Milner

Stack

et al. 2020

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Identification and characterization of foreign bodies in the distal limb of horses poses a diagnostic challenge. The aims of this prospective experimental cadaver study were to describe the appearance of five foreign body materials within the equine hoof using CT, MRI, and digital radiography (DR) and to compare interrater agreement among three reviewers. Fifty foreign bodies consisting of five materials were implanted at a solar location or a coronary location in 25 equine cadaver feet. The images were reviewed by three equine veterinarians experienced in advanced imaging interpretation, who were blinded to the material of the foreign body. Foreign bodies were graded on visibility and appearance. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for accurate identification of the different materials. Interrater agreement was assessed using Fleiss’ kappa. Computed tomography had higher visibility score, sensitivity/specificity, and interrater agreement for detection of all materials; particularly slate, glass, and dry wood, compared to the other imaging modalities. Soaked wood and plastic had lower sensitivity (31‐33%) on CT with a similar attenuation of the two materials. Foreign bodies were often visible on MRI, although with similar appearance and unclear details. On DR, only slate and glass were visible. The interrater agreement for identifying the correct material was almost perfect for slate, glass, and dry wood (κ = 0.92‐1.00) and poor for plastic and soaked wood (κ < 0.20) on CT. Interrater agreement was poor for all materials on MRI and DR (κ < 0.20), with the except for fair (κ = 0.28) for slate on DR and moderate (κ = 0.28) for soaked wood on MRI.

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Should I use magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate horses with foot penetrations?

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Horses with solar foot penetration, deep digital flexor tendon injury, and absence of concurrent synovial sepsis can have a positive outcome

Horses with solar foot penetration, deep digital flexor tendon injury, and absence of concurrent synovial sepsis can have a positive outcome

Should radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine remain part of the pre‐purchase examination?

CT more accurately detects foreign bodies within the equine foot than MRI or digital radiography

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