Should anthropometric differences between the commonly used pedestrian computational biomechanics models and Chinese population be taken into account when predicting pedestrian head kinematics and injury in vehicle collisions in China?

Wang, Fang; Yin, Jiajie; Hu, Lin; Wang, Mingliang; Liu, Xin; Miller, Karol; Wittek, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2022.106718

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In the reconstruction results, the position of contact between the pedestrian’s right shoulder and the shattered windshield of the vehicle, the position of impact between the pedestrian’s injured right leg and the vehicle’s bumper, and the position of impact between the pedestrian’s head and the ground matched the video data for the real accident, proving that the reconstruction was accurate. The simulation results showed that the value of HIC was 1882.9, predicting a 96% probability of AIS3 head injury according to relevant studies ( Li and Zhu, 2009 ; Gao et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2021b ; Wang et al, 2022a ), which was consistent with the death of pedestrians due to severe craniocerebral injury in this accident. Relevant studies ( Hu et al, 2020 ) showed that the range of forces leading to femur fracture was 3 kN–10 kN.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Multiobjective optimization algorithm for accurate MADYMO reconstruction of vehicle-pedestrian accidents

Zou

Fan

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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In vehicle–pedestrian accidents, the preimpact conditions of pedestrians and vehicles are frequently uncertain. The incident data for a crash, such as vehicle deformation, injury of the victim, distance of initial position and rest position of accident participants, are useful for verification in MAthematical DYnamic MOdels (MADYMO) simulations. The purpose of this study is to explore the use of an improved optimization algorithm combined with MADYMO multibody simulations and crash data to conduct accurate reconstructions of vehicle–pedestrian accidents. The objective function of the optimization problem was defined as the Euclidean distance between the known vehicle, human and ground contact points, and multiobjective optimization algorithms were employed to obtain the local minima of the objective function. Three common multiobjective optimization algorithms—nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II), neighbourhood cultivation genetic algorithm (NCGA), and multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO)—were compared. The effect of the number of objective functions, the choice of different objective functions and the optimal number of iterations were also considered. The final reconstructed results were compared with the process of a real accident. Based on the results of the reconstruction of a real-world accident, the present study indicated that NSGA-II had better convergence and generated more noninferior solutions and better final solutions than NCGA and MOPSO. In addition, when all vehicle-pedestrian-ground contacts were considered, the results showed a better match in terms of kinematic response. NSGA-II converged within 100 generations. This study indicated that multibody simulations coupled with optimization algorithms can be used to accurately reconstruct vehicle-pedestrian collisions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Multiobjective optimization algorithm for accurate MADYMO reconstruction of vehicle-pedestrian accidents

Zou

Fan

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…At the same time, drivers’ eye movements are linked to their brain activities, and it was found that mental fatigue could influence the dynamics of saccadic eye movements. Although drivers’ accident mechanism can be analyzed from different perspectives [ 52 , 53 ], it is more important to analyze the mechanism from visual and physiological perspectives. Specifically, in future studies, drivers’ eye movement data should also be used to quantify their brain activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Real-World Effects of Route Familiarity on Drivers’ Eye Fixations at Urban Intersections in Changsha, China

Guo

Huang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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A crucial factor, route familiarity, can affect traffic safety. Nevertheless, focus on the influence of route familiarity on drivers’ eye fixations at urban intersections has received less attention. Identifying the real-world effect of route familiarity on drivers’ eye fixations at urban intersections in Changsha, China, was the objective of this study. Their visual fixation indicators were recorded while unfamiliar drivers and familiar drivers drove a 9 km-long route with nine intersections in an urban environment, but their effectiveness was indicated by the data collected 150 m before the lane stop and 50 m after the lane stop at these intersections. From the analysis of the extracted data, the results indicated that route familiarity could influence drivers’ processing times in the left window (LW) and other areas (OT). Compared with familiar drivers, unfamiliar drivers had longer processing times and higher mental workloads for the right front (RF). For the vehicle’s front (RF, FL, FR), the sampling rates and mental workloads of unfamiliar drivers were higher than those of familiar drivers, but it was the opposite for the driver’s sides (LW, RW) and rear (LM, RM, ReM). It was also indicated that the phenomenon said to increase familiarity with the route and make drivers more likely to be distracted in urban intersections had not been found. From the present findings, the effect of route familiarity on drivers’ eye fixations at urban intersections was confirmed. The high accident risk of familiar drivers could be partly explained by the decrement in drivers’ eye fixation strategies. However, the strategies could not account for the phenomenon that more familiar drivers are involved in rear-end accidents. Therefore, the reason can be investigated based on drivers’ visual scanning strategies, their physiological signals and driving behavior in the future.

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“…This accident has detailed photos of the accident scene, police traffic accident scene map, injury report, vehicle trace deformation, and other information. The details of the accident collision process is as follows: the location of the accident is a two-way four lane, the weather is light rain, and the ground is the wet asphalt pavement; a small offset collision of 25% occurs between the left front of a minivan and the left front of a sedan; when the collision occurs, the collision velocity of the minivan is 54 km/h ( Liu et al, 2017b ; Wang et al, 2022a ), and the driver uses the seat belt, but without the airbag. The abridged injury scale (AIS), which was amended in 2005, was used to categorize the injury information of the drivers involved in the accidents.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the driver’s seat belt and injury biomechanical analysis in real-world minivan small offset impact accident scenarios

Yang

Shi²,

Fu³

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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To minimize injuries and protect the safety of the driver in minivan small offset collisions, an optimized pre-tensioned force-limiting seat belt was proposed herein. An accident with detailed information, such as medical reports, vehicle inspection reports, and accident scene photographs, was reconstructed using HyperMesh software. The effectiveness of both the accident model and the pre-tensioned force-limiting seat belt was evaluated. To obtain the optimal seat belt parameters for driver protection, first, force-limiting A, pre-tensioned force B, and pre-tensioned time C factors were selected in designing an orthogonal test with different factor levels. The influence laws of each factor on the injury biomechanical characteristics of the driver were analyzed via the direct analysis method. Moreover, each kind of critical injury value of the human body was synthesized, and the radial basis function surrogate model was constructed. The three seat belt parameters were optimized using the NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm. The results showed that the optimal balance variable parameter of the seat belt was 4751.618 N–2451.839 N–17.554 ms (A–B–C). Finally, the optimal scheme was verified in a system simulating a minivan small offset collision. The results showed that after optimization, the skull von Mises stress was reduced by 36.9%, and the stress of the cervical vertebra cortical bone and cancellous bone decreased by 29.1% and 30.8%, respectively. In addition, the strains of the ribs and lungs decreased by 31.2% and 30.7%, respectively.

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Should anthropometric differences between the commonly used pedestrian computational biomechanics models and Chinese population be taken into account when predicting pedestrian head kinematics and injury in vehicle collisions in China?

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Multiobjective optimization algorithm for accurate MADYMO reconstruction of vehicle-pedestrian accidents

Multiobjective optimization algorithm for accurate MADYMO reconstruction of vehicle-pedestrian accidents

The Real-World Effects of Route Familiarity on Drivers’ Eye Fixations at Urban Intersections in Changsha, China

Optimization of the driver’s seat belt and injury biomechanical analysis in real-world minivan small offset impact accident scenarios

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