Shorter Chain Triglycerides Are Negatively Associated with Symptom Improvement in Schizophrenia

Tkachev, Anna; Stekolshchikova, Elena; Anikanov, Nickolay; Zozulya, S A; Barkhatova, A. N.; Klyushnik, T. P.; Petrova, Daria

doi:10.3390/biom11050720

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Blood collection, lipid extraction, chromatography, and mass spectrometry measurements, lipid data processing, and compound annotation were conducted as in Tkachev et al, with small modifications (eMethods and eAppendix in Supplement 1). Lipidome measurements were conducted in 4 temporally separate experimental runs, corresponding to the 4 cohorts (CN, DE-AT, RU, and fepRU).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Alteration Signature in the Blood Plasma of Individuals With Schizophrenia, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2023

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ImportanceNo clinically applicable diagnostic test exists for severe mental disorders. Lipids harbor potential as disease markers.ObjectiveTo define a reproducible profile of lipid alterations in the blood plasma of patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) independent of demographic and environmental variables and to investigate its specificity in association with other psychiatric disorders, ie, major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BPD).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a multicohort case-control diagnostic analysis involving plasma samples from psychiatric patients and control individuals collected between July 17, 2009, and May 18, 2018. Study participants were recruited as consecutive and volunteer samples at multiple inpatient and outpatient mental health hospitals in Western Europe (Germany and Austria [DE-AT]), China (CN), and Russia (RU). Individuals with DSM-IV or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision diagnoses of SCZ, MDD, BPD, or a first psychotic episode, as well as age- and sex-matched healthy controls without a mental health–related diagnosis were included in the study. Samples and data were analyzed from January 2018 to September 2020.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPlasma lipidome composition was assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with untargeted mass spectrometry.ResultsBlood lipid levels were assessed in 980 individuals (mean [SD] age, 36 [13] years; 510 male individuals [52%]) diagnosed with SCZ, BPD, MDD, or those with a first psychotic episode and in 572 controls (mean [SD] age, 34 [13] years; 323 male individuals [56%]). A total of 77 lipids were found to be significantly altered between those with SCZ (n = 436) and controls (n = 478) in all 3 sample cohorts. Alterations were consistent between cohorts (CN and RU: [Pearson correlation] r = 0.75; DE-AT and CN: r = 0.78; DE-AT and RU: r = 0.82; P &lt; 10−38). A lipid-based predictive model separated patients with SCZ from controls with high diagnostic ability (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.86-0.95). Lipidome alterations in BPD and MDD, assessed in 184 and 256 individuals, respectively, were found to be similar to those of SCZ (BPD: r = 0.89; MDD: r = 0.92; P &lt; 10−79). Assessment of detected alterations in individuals with a first psychotic episode, as well as patients with SCZ not receiving medication, demonstrated only limited association with medication restricted to particular lipids.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, SCZ was accompanied by a reproducible profile of plasma lipidome alterations, not associated with symptom severity, medication, and demographic and environmental variables, and largely shared with BPD and MDD. This lipid alteration signature may represent a trait marker of severe psychiatric disorders, indicating its potential to be transformed into a clinically applicable testing procedure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Alteration Signature in the Blood Plasma of Individuals With Schizophrenia, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2023

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“…In some studies, changes in lipid levels in SCZ patients have been associated with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores. For example, such correlations have been detected for shorter-chain TGs [41] and oxysterols [55]. Nandeesha (2023) [52] showed that total cholesterol (TC) and TG levels were negatively correlated with cognitive scores.…”

Section: Lipids and Their Role In Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nine studies evaluated the broad panels of different lipid markers in patients with SCZ [31,34,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46] and detected statistical differences in the following lipid classes: fatty acyls, sterols, glycerolipids, sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and products of lipid metabolism. Several studies included information about lipids associated with the membranes of erythrocytes [31,47,48].…”

Section: Lipids and Their Role In Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids in Psychiatric Disorders: Functional and Potential Diagnostic Role as Blood Biomarkers

Zorkina,

Ushakova,

Ochneva

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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Lipids are a crucial component of the human brain, serving important structural and functional roles. They are involved in cell function, myelination of neuronal projections, neurotransmission, neural plasticity, energy metabolism, and neuroinflammation. Despite their significance, the role of lipids in the development of mental disorders has not been well understood. This review focused on the potential use of lipids as blood biomarkers for common mental illnesses, such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. This review also discussed the impact of commonly used psychiatric medications, such as neuroleptics and antidepressants, on lipid metabolism. The obtained data suggested that lipid biomarkers could be useful for diagnosing psychiatric diseases, but further research is needed to better understand the associations between blood lipids and mental disorders and to identify specific biomarker combinations for each disease.

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“…The most commonly associated lipid class with antipsychotic treatment was phosphatidylcholines (five studies). Three studies included analyses of metabolites associated with antipsychotic response [9,17,42]. A summary of the untargeted lipidomic studies is in Table 3 and Supplementary Table S3.…”

Section: Untargeted Lipidomic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics, Lipidomics, and Antipsychotics: A Systematic Review

Burghardt,

Kajy,

Ward

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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Antipsychotics are an important pharmacotherapy option for the treatment of many mental illnesses. Unfortunately, selecting antipsychotics is often a trial-and-error process due to a lack of understanding as to which medications an individual patient will find most effective and best tolerated. Metabolomics, or the study of small molecules in a biosample, is an increasingly used omics platform that has the potential to identify biomarkers for medication efficacy and toxicity. This systematic review was conducted to identify metabolites and metabolomic pathways associated with antipsychotic use in humans. Ultimately, 42 studies were identified for inclusion in this review, with all but three studies being performed in blood sources such as plasma or serum. A total of 14 metabolite classes and 12 lipid classes were assessed across studies. Although the studies were highly heterogeneous in approach and mixed in their findings, increases in phosphatidylcholines, decreases in carboxylic acids, and decreases in acylcarnitines were most consistently noted as perturbed in patients exposed to antipsychotics. Furthermore, for the targeted metabolomic and lipidomic studies, seven metabolites and three lipid species had findings that were replicated. The most consistent finding for targeted studies was an identification of a decrease in aspartate with antipsychotic treatment. Studies varied in depth of detail provided for their study participants and in study design. For example, in some cases, there was a lack of detail on specific antipsychotics used or concomitant medications, and the depth of detail on sample handling and analysis varied widely. The conclusions here demonstrate that there is a large foundation of metabolomic work with antipsychotics that requires more complete reporting so that an objective synthesis such as a meta-analysis can take place. This will then allow for validation and clinical application of the most robust findings to move the field forward. Future studies should be carefully controlled to take advantage of the sensitivity of metabolomics while limiting potential confounders that may result from participant heterogeneity and varied analysis approaches.

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Shorter Chain Triglycerides Are Negatively Associated with Symptom Improvement in Schizophrenia

Cited by 4 publications

References 57 publications

Lipid Alteration Signature in the Blood Plasma of Individuals With Schizophrenia, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder

Lipid Alteration Signature in the Blood Plasma of Individuals With Schizophrenia, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder

Lipids in Psychiatric Disorders: Functional and Potential Diagnostic Role as Blood Biomarkers

Metabolomics, Lipidomics, and Antipsychotics: A Systematic Review

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