Shortened platelet half-life in multiple myeloma

Abstract

Various defects in platelet function have been reported as being associated with multiple myeloma. In 30 myeloma patients and 15 healthy controls, we investigated platelet survival using in vitro labeling of autologous platelets with 111indium-oxine and measuring the in vivo kinetics of the radioisotope. Significantly shortened platelet half- life in patients averaged 73 hours, while platelet half-life in the healthy controls averaged 107 hours. In myeloma patients, serum levels of thromboxane B2, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4 were significantly elevated; aggregation indices were within the pathological range; platelet counts and spleen-liver indices, however, were comparable to those of the healthy control group. No statistical correlation was found between platelet half-life and paraprotein concentrations. Our findings suggest an initial--so far unexplained-- intravascular process of platelet activation and consumption that finally manifests in shortened platelet half-life. It seems that overt thrombocytopenia develops only when the compensatory capacity of the bone marrow finally becomes exhausted. Further studies should be able to elucidate the pathophysiologic processes involved.

Semi‐Mechanistic Modelling and Simulation of Inhibition of Platelet Aggregation by Antiplatelet Agents

“…The mean half-life of platelets in the blood, calculated by 0.693/K el-PRP in this model, was about 5-10 days, which is in good agreement with the reported half-life of platelets [1].…”

Monoclonal gammopathy without hyperglobulinemia in 2 dogs with IgA secretory neoplasms

“…Thrombocytopenia is reported in approximately onethird of all canine cases of MM and is proposed to result from infiltration of bone marrow by malignant plasma cells, consumption of platelets as part of a thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, such as DIC, shortened platelet half-life, or immune-mediated destruction, although the latter 2 have yet to be verified in veterinary medicine. 11,22,[26][27][28] Hypercalcemia is reported in 15-20% of cases of canine MM and is proposed to result from tumor-mediated osteolysis, tumor production of PTHrP, or an increase in M-protein bound Vet Clin Pathol 39/4 (2010) 447-453 c 2010 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology calcium. 11,22,[29][30][31] Finally, although to our knowledge a particular immunophenotype has yet to be determined for canine MM, further confirmation of the plasma cell lineage in these cases may have been aided by immunostaining using the Mum-1p antibody, which has recently been validated in canine formalinfixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.…”

Population PK/PD Modeling of Eltrombopag in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Optimization of Response-Guided Dosing

“…SD: predose, 24, 72, and 120 h post dose. RD: predose days 1, 2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,14,16,18,22, and at follow-up.…”

“…Healthy Japanese male subjects 30 25, 50, and 75 mg (10 d) SD and RD (day 10): predose, 1, 1. 5,2,3,4,5,6,8,12,16,24,36,48,72,96, and 120 h post dose. RD: predose day 1 to 9.…”