Short-time response in root morphology of Vallisneria natans to sediment type and water-column nutrient

Xie, Yonghong; An, Shuqing; Yao, Xin; Xiao, Keyan; Zhang, Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2004.12.001

Cited by 76 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In addition, we observed a significant decrease in root biomass in the highnutrient sediment at ± 50 cm amplitude, which indicated that sediment nutrient enrichment and moderate water-level fluctuation (< 60 cm) may interact and facilitate the nutrient acquisition of submerged macro phytes (Xie et al 2009, Zhang et al 2012. Nutrient enrichment usually causes the production of shorter main roots and fewer lateral roots in submerged macrophytes (Xie et al 2005, Wang et al 2009), which could benefit the acclimation of plants to deep-water environments by increasing oxygen transport to the root tissues or by reducing the radial oxygen loss and root respiration in these plants.…”

Section: Auto-fragment Productionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Cao¹,

Wang²,

ZunLing³

2012

Aquat. Biol.

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Sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations are important factors that affect the development and growth of submerged macrophytes; however, little is known about the adaptive responses of macrophytes to these factors. We conducted an experiment using the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum L. grown under 2 sediment nutrient levels (high: 2.7 mg g −1 total nitrogen, TN; 1.5 mg g −1 total phosphorus, TP; low: 1.45 mg g −1 TN and 0.70 mg g −1 TP) and 3 amplitudes of water-level fluctuation (static, ± 50 cm, ±100 cm) in outdoor ponds. We hypothesized that increased nutrient supply would promote the growth of M. spicatum, which can acclimate to the negative effects of moderate water-level fluctuations. After 112 d of growth under high-nutrient conditions, the plants produced a greater shoot biomass (higher branch number and length), resulting in greater accumulation of total biomass. However, plant growth was inhibited by increasing the amplitude of the water-level fluctuations: at ±100 cm, the plants allocated more biomass to the roots and produced fewer and longer branches. Conversely, plant growth was promoted in the high-nutrient sediments at ± 50 cm amplitude. The production of auto-fragments was increased in the high-nutrient sediment but was significantly decreased by high water-level fluctuations. Thus, sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations have strong interactive effects on the growth and reproduction of M. spicatum, and increased sediment nutrients in combination with moderate water level fluctuations facilitate nutrient acquisition, plant growth, and reproduction. Our study implies that moderate water-level fluctuations benefit the restoration of submerged macrophyte communities, particularly in high-nutrient habitats.

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Section: Auto-fragment Productionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Cao¹,

Wang²,

ZunLing³

2012

Aquat. Biol.

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“…Xie et al (2005) have suggested that the root morphology of V. natans varies considerably with the fertility of the sediment in which it grows. A marked effect of the nutrients in the water column on the growth of submerged macrophytes has been reported to be reduced root biomass (Rattray et al, 1991;Madsen and Cedergreen, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological and anatomical responses ofVallisneria natansto nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment

Wang

Gao

Qin

et al. 2012

Knowl. Managt. Aquatic Ecosyst.

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Here, we describe an experiment using four nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations to investigate the effects of nutrient enrichment on the submersed macrophyte Vallisneria natans (tape grass) grown in a sand culture medium. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of nutrient enrichment in the water column on V. natans, especially with regard to anatomical structures. The results showed both the absolute growth rate (AGR) and intrinsic efficiency of light energy conversion of PSII (Fv/Fm) decreased with increasing nutrient levels. Root morphological characteristics, including the total root length (L), root surface area (SA), projected root area (PA), total root volume (V), average root diameter (AD), total root length per volume (LPV), total tips (T) and total forks (F), also showed a generally negative relationship with increasing nutrient concentrations. The anatomical structures of stolons and leaves also changed with nutrient enrichment. The shrinkage of aerenchyma and disappearance of starches and chloroplasts were the main structural changes leading to poor growth. These phenomena, especially the anatomical changes, might be the mechanism underlying the effect of nutrient enrichment on V. natans growth. Nous décrivons ici une expérience utilisant quatre concentrations d'azote (N) et phosphore (P) afin d'étudier les effets de l'enrichissement en éléments nutritifs sur le macrophyte immergé Vallisneria natans cultivé dans un milieu de culture sableux. L'objectif de cette étude était d'examiner l'influence de l'enrichissement en nutriments dans la colonne d'eau sur V. natans, en particulier en ce qui concerne les structures anatomiques. Les résultats ont montré à la fois que le taux de croissance absolue (AGR) et l'efficacité intrinsèque de la conversion de l'énergie lumineuse du PSII (Fv/Fm) ont diminué avec l'augmentation des niveaux d'éléments nutritifs. Les caractéristiques morphologiques racinaires, y compris la longueur totale des racines (L), la surface des racines (SA), la zone des racines prospectée (PA), le volume total des racines (V), le diamètre moyen des racines (AD), la longueur totale des racines par volume (LPV), le totalité des extrémités (T) et des ramifications (F), ont également montré une relation globalement négative avec RÉSUMÉ Réponses écophysiologiques et anatomiques de Vallisneria natans à un enrichissement en azote et en phosphore Mots

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“…Xie et al (2005) demonstrated that the roots of submerged macrophytes absorb nutrients from sediment while the leaves absorb the nutrients from water. Mulderij et al (2005) showed that alleopathic substances secreted by the potentially invasive emergent Stratiotes aloides are able to decrease the growth of planktonic algae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plant depends on light availability near the sediment for growth and survival. The root system is made up of adventitious roots without laterals (Xie et al, 2005;Bakker et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of snails, submerged plants and their coexistence on eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2017

Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst.

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-Eutrophication resulting from nutrient loading to freshwater habitats is a severe problem, leading to degradation of ecosystems, including deterioration of water quality, water clarity and loss of biodiversity. Measures enacted to restore degraded freshwater ecosystems often involve the reintroduction of submerged plants and aquatic animals with beneficial ecological functions. In a mesocosm experiment, three treatments (planting with Vallisneria natans, introduction of the snail Bellamya aeruginosa and a combined treatment with both plants and snails) were compared with controls to evaluate their effects on trophic state. The total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations of planktonic and benthic algal samples were determined every two weeks, along with light intensity at the sediment surface. The plant-only treatment significantly reduced the TN levels and planktonic and benthic algal biomass and increased the light intensity at the sediment surface. The snail-only treatment reduced the concentrations of TN and reduced planktonic and benthic algal biomass. The combined treatment decreased the concentrations of TN and TP, reduced planktonic algal biomass and increased the light intensity on the sediment surface. The results indicate that while submerged plants and snails can both improve water quality, the most pronounced effect in aquatic ecosystems is achieved by their presence in combination. A combined reintroduction approach may provide enhanced benefits in restoring the eutrophic ecosystems, following the reduction of external nutrient loading.Keywords: submerged plant / snail / coexistence / planktonic algae / benthic algae Résumé -Effets des escargots, des plantes submergées et de leur coexistence sur l'eutrophisation dans les écosystèmes aquatiques. L'eutrophisation résultant de la charge nutritive dans les habitats d'eau douce est un problème grave, entraînant une dégradation des écosystèmes, y compris la détérioration de la qualité de l'eau, de la clarté de l'eau et la perte de biodiversité. Les mesures adoptées pour restaurer les écosystèmes d'eau douce dégradés impliquent souvent la réintroduction de plantes submergées et d'animaux aquatiques ayant des fonctions écologiques bénéfiques. Dans une expérience en mésocosme, trois traitements (plantation avec Vallisneria natans, introduction de l'escargot Bellamya aeruginosa et traitement combiné avec les plantes et les escargots) ont été comparés aux témoins pour évaluer leurs effets sur l'état trophique. Les concentrations d'azote total (TN), de phosphore total (TP) et de chlorophylle a (Chl a), des échantillons d'algues planctoniques et benthiques ont été déterminées toutes les deux semaines, ainsi que l'intensité de la lumière à la surface des sédiments. Le traitement aux plantes seules a réduit significativement les niveaux de TN et la biomasse d'algues planctoniques et benthiques et a augmenté l'intensité lumineuse à la surface des sédiments. Le traitement avec l'escargot seul a réduit les concentrati...

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Short-time response in root morphology of Vallisneria natans to sediment type and water-column nutrient

Cited by 76 publications

References 28 publications

Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Ecophysiological and anatomical responses ofVallisneria natansto nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment

Effects of snails, submerged plants and their coexistence on eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems

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