Short-term variations of soil physical properties as a function of the amounts and C/N ratio of decomposing cotton residues. II. Soil compressibility, water retention and hydraulic conductivity

Rawitz, E.; Hadas, A.; Etkin, H.; Margolin, M.

doi:10.1016/0167-1987(94)90020-5

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Enhanced microbial activity caused by adding plant nutrients to the soil affects physical processes such as water transport (Rawitz et al. 1994) and retention (Chenu 1993) and the stability of aggregates (Skinner 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes to water repellence of soil aggregates caused by substrate‐induced microbial activity

Hallett¹,

Young²

1999

European J Soil Science

258

193

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Summary Soil microbes produce exudates which upon drying become water‐repellent, thus altering hydraulic properties. The influence of microbial activity caused by adding plant nutrients on the hydraulic characteristics of soil aggregates is reported. Soil aggregates were collected from a field that had been fertilized with different amounts of nitrogen. Aggregates were also incubated with different nutrient treatments in the laboratory. Their sorptivity, hydraulic conductivity and water repellency were measured with a new device. Adding nitrogen was found to decrease sorptivity and hydraulic conductivity because of increased water repellency in the field. In the laboratory studies, the addition of nutrients caused severe water repellency in the soil aggregates. Respiration studies identified a large increase in biological activity following nutrient amendment which produces water‐repellent materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes to water repellence of soil aggregates caused by substrate‐induced microbial activity

Hallett¹,

Young²

1999

European J Soil Science

258

193

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“…Despite higher above and below ground biomass C inputs, the lower SOC under maize systems may be because of faster decomposition of maize biomass (C:N 39–43) carbon compared with cotton (C:N 67, high lignin concentration) (Hulugalle & Weaver, ; unpublished data). Rawitz, Hadas, Etkin, and Margolin () report far higher C:N ratios for cotton stubble of 350–400. Introduction of maize appears to have resulted in more labile biomass C inputs prone to rapid microbial decomposition, while the cotton systems contributed more recalcitrant C. Soil organic matter decline because of short rotations are known to occur until it reaches an equilibrium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Leaching of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen under cotton farming systems in a Vertisol

Nachimuthu

Watkins

Hulugalle

et al. 2019

Soil Use and Management

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Leaching with deep drainage is one of the loss pathways of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in cropping fields. However, field studies in irrigated row cropping systems are sparse. A 3-year investigation on C and N leaching associated with deep drainage was overlaid on a long-term experiment on tillage practices and crop rotations in Australia. The treatments included cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) monoculture and cotton-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or maize (Zea maize L.) rotations with maximum or minimum tillage. The deep drainage C and N concentrations at 0.6 and 1.2 m depth were measured after furrow irrigation with ceramic cup samplers during the 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17 cotton seasons. Pre-planting dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in soil at 0.6-1.2 m depth during 2016-17 was 64 mg kg −1 for maximum tilled cotton monoculture, 36 mg kg −1 for minimum tilled cotton monoculture and 39 mg kg −1 for cotton-wheat, and in maize and cotton subplots 51 and 41 mg kg −1 , respectively. Post-harvest DOC values in soil were similar in all treatments (average of 32 mg DOC kg −1 ). Total organic carbon (TOC) losses in deep drainage were equal to 2%-30% of TOC gained in irrigation water. Oxidized N losses in deep drainage ranged from 0.7% to 12% of applied N (260 kg ha −1 ). NOx-N concentrations in leachate under maize systems (20 mg L −1 ) were up to 73% lower than those in cotton systems (75 mg L −1 ). Maize sown in rotation with cotton can improve cotton yield, reduce N leaching and improve N use efficiency of subsequent cotton. K E Y W O R D S Australia, cotton, deep drainage, DOC, vertosol 444 |

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“…decomposers). This is not surprising, as rapid and short-term changes and successions in microbial populations that were associated with short-term changes in soil physical properties have been reported by Hadas et al (1994) and Rawitz et al (1994). It may be surmised, therefore, that as fluctuations occur in temperature, and presumably other environmental variables such as water and nutrient availability, parallel changes in microbial populations that preferentially subsist upon different soil organic matter (SOM) fractions may also take place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Maximum ambient temperature can influence carbon storage in Vertosols sown with cotton-based farming systems

Hulugalle¹

2013

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Partial mitigation of global warming caused by accelerated emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide may be possible by storing atmospheric carbon in soils. Carbon storage is influenced by processes and properties that affect soil aggregation, such as clay and silt concentrations and mineralogy, intensity and frequency of wet/dry cycles, and microbial activity. Microbial activity, in turn, is influenced by factors such as temperature, nutrient and water availability, and residue quality. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of average annual maximum temperature on soil carbon storage in Vertosols under cotton-based farming systems. This paper reports a re-evaluation of results obtained from a series of experiments on cotton-farming systems conducted in eastern Australia between 1993 and 2010. The experimental sites were in the Macquarie and Namoi Valleys of New South Wales, and the Darling Downs and Central Highlands of Queensland. Average soil organic carbon storage in the 0–0.6 m depth was highest in a Black Vertosol in Central Queensland and lowest in a Grey Vertosol that was irrigated with treated sewage effluent at Narrabri. At other sites, average values were generally comparable and ranged from 65 to 85 t C/ha. Climatic parameters such as ambient maximum temperature, Tmax, and rainfall at rainfed sites (but not irrigated sites) were also related to soil organic carbon storage. At most sites, variations in carbon storage with average ambient maximum temperature were described by Gaussian models or bell-shaped curves, which are characteristic of microbial decomposition. Carbon storage occurred at peak rates only for a very limited temperature range at any one site, with these temperatures increasing with decreasing distance from the equator. The exception was a site near Narrabri that was irrigated with treated sewage effluent, where the relationship between soil organic carbon and Tmax was linear. The decrease or absence of change in soil carbon storage with time reported in many Australian studies of annual cropping systems may be due to carbon storage occurring within a limited temperature range, whereas intra-seasonal average maximum temperatures can range widely. Further research needs to be conducted under field conditions to confirm these observations.

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Short-term variations of soil physical properties as a function of the amounts and C/N ratio of decomposing cotton residues. II. Soil compressibility, water retention and hydraulic conductivity

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Changes to water repellence of soil aggregates caused by substrate‐induced microbial activity

Changes to water repellence of soil aggregates caused by substrate‐induced microbial activity

Leaching of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen under cotton farming systems in a Vertisol

Maximum ambient temperature can influence carbon storage in Vertosols sown with cotton-based farming systems

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