Short-term response of soil enzyme activities in a chlorpyrifos-treated mesocosm: Use of enzyme-based indexes

Sánchez-Hernández, Juan C.; Sandoval, Marco; Pierart, Antoine

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.10.022

Cited by 57 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Electrical conductivity and pH were determined with suitable electrodes in soil:water suspensions (1:5, w/v), where the soil had been previously dried (105°C, 48 h). Chlorpyrifos was extracted from soils and earthworm casts using the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method, and quantified by HPLC as described in Sanchez-Hernandez et al (2017) (see Supplementary Information for details).…”

Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Soil and Chlorpyrifos Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil-and cast-water suspensions were prepared as described in Sanchez-Hernandez et al (2017), with slight modifications. One gram of wet soil, or 0.5 g of fresh cast (b24 h old), was dispersed in distilled water (1:50, w/v) and agitated for 30 min at room temperature (~20°C) using an orbital shaker.…”

Section: Soil Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally accepted that impact of pesticides on soil enzymes is difficult to predict because of multiple direct and indirect effects jointly affecting the enzyme activity, which results in an increase, decrease or no change of its catalytic activity (Gianfreda and Rao, 2008;Floch et al, 2011;Riah et al, 2014). However, past studies (Cacco and Maggioni, 1976;Satyanarayana and Getzin, 1973), and a recent work by Sanchez-Hernandez et al (2017), have showed that the response of soil CbE activity to organophosphorus pesticides is the result of a direct interaction of the oxon metabolite of the organophosphate with the enzyme probably via a comparable mechanism like that occurring in organisms, i.e., phosphorylation of the active site of the enzyme (Chambers et al, 2010). As a matter of fact, this direct chemical interaction would reduce the organophosphorus bioavailability and toxicity.…”

Section: Soil Enzyme Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, biodegradation of pesticides may generate metabolites more toxic than their parent compounds. This is true of chlorpyrifos, an organophosphorus pesticide whose main metabolites (chlorpyrifosoxon and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) are highly toxic to soil enzyme activities (Sanchez-Hernandez et al, 2017) and soil microbes (John and Shaike, 2015). These studies question, therefore, whether microbial proliferation during bioremediation necessarily results in an enhancement of the activity of soil enzymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Sánchez-Hernández

Pino

Capowiez

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Earthworms contribute, directly and indirectly, to contaminant biodegradation. However, most of bioremediation studies using these annelids focus on pollutant dissipation, thus disregarding the health status of the organism implied in bioremediation as well as the recovery of indicators of soil quality. A microcosm study was performed using Lumbricus terrestris to determine whether earthworm density (2 or 4individuals/kg wet soil) and the time of exposure (1, 2, 6, 12, and 18wk) could affect chlorpyrifos persistence in soil initially treated with 20mg active ingredientkg wet soil. Additionally, selected earthworm biomarkers and soil enzyme activities were measured as indicators of earthworm health and soil quality, respectively. After an 18-wk incubation period, no earthworm was killed by the pesticide, but clear signs of severe intoxication were detected, i.e., 90% inhibition in muscle acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase (CbE) activities. Unexpectedly, the earthworm density had no significant impact on chlorpyrifos dissipation rate, for which the measured half-life ranged between 30.3d (control soils) and 44.5d (low earthworm density) or 36.7d (high earthworm density). The dynamic response of several soil enzymes to chlorpyrifos exposure was examined calculating the geometric mean and the treated-soil quality index, which are common enzyme-based indexes of microbial functional diversity. Both indexes showed a significant and linear increase of the global enzyme response after 6wk of chlorpyrifos treatment in the presence of earthworms. Examination of individual enzymes revealed that soil CbE activity could decrease chlorpyrifos-oxon impact upon the rest of enzyme activities. Although L. terrestris was found not to accelerate chlorpyrifos dissipation, a significant increase in the activity of soil enzyme activities was achieved compared with earthworm-free, chlorpyrifos-treated soils. Therefore, the inoculation of organophosphorus-contaminated soils with L. terrestris arises as a complementary bioremediation strategy in terms of recovery of soil biochemical performance and quality.

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Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Soil and Chlorpyrifos Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Enzyme Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Sánchez-Hernández

Pino

Capowiez

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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“…This approach could provide both a graphical synthesis of each biomarker response and a numeric value that integrates all these responses at once. Meanwhile, the toxicity could also be distinguished among different compounds and different exposure concentrations according the IBRv2 values [39]. In the present study, the IBRv2 values in fish exposure for 10 d to different treatments are presented in Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of Potential Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 84%

Potential Toxicity in Crucian Carp Following Exposure to Metallic Nanoparticles of Copper, Chromium, and Their Mixtures: A Comparative Study

Liu¹,

Yan²,

Xia³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Although study of the toxicity of metallic nanoparticles in aquatic organisms is increasing, there is still little known about their combined toxicity, especially in a comparative and integrated approach. The objective of this study is to compare the toxicity of copper nanoparticles (CuNP), chromium nanoparticles (CrNP), and their mixtures to crucian carp (Carassius auratus) through a comprehensive approach. A high median lethal concentration of CuNP (390.75 mg/L) and CrNP (551.03 mg/L) was calculated from the acute toxicity, indicative of low toxicity to crucian carp. After exposure for 10 d at sublethal concentrations, several biomarker responses, including the activities of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE), gill sodium/ potassium-activated ATP (Na + /K + -ATP), liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were significantly inhibited by all nanoparticles in most cases, implying the neurotoxicity, osmoregulatory toxicity, and oxidative damage of metallic nanoparticles. Thereafter, the integrated biomarker response version 2 (IBRv2) integrating all biomarker responses was applied to compare the toxicity, and therefore the toxicity order was tentatively proposed as: the mixtures ≈ CuNP＞CrNP, suggesting a synergistic effect in the mixtures. The findings will help to understand the ecological impacts of metallic nanoparticles in an aquatic environment in a more complete and accurate picture.

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Microbial Biomarkers

Guasch¹,

Bonet²,

Bonnineau³

et al. 2017

Microbial Ecotoxicology

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Short-term response of soil enzyme activities in a chlorpyrifos-treated mesocosm: Use of enzyme-based indexes

Cited by 57 publications

References 45 publications

Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Potential Toxicity in Crucian Carp Following Exposure to Metallic Nanoparticles of Copper, Chromium, and Their Mixtures: A Comparative Study

Microbial Biomarkers

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