Short-Term Response of Plants Grown under Heavy Metal Toxicity

Kumar, Prasann; Pathak, Shweta

doi:10.5772/intechopen.75722

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…The absorbance was recorded at 532 nm and 600 nm using a UV/visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-1201, Kyoto, Japan). The concentration of MDA was determined using Beer and Lambert’s equation [ 63 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma asperellum L. Coupled the Effects of Biochar to Enhance the Growth and Physiology of Contrasting Maize Cultivars under Copper and Nickel Stresses

Amanullah

Khan

2023

Plants

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Crop cultivation in heavy metal (HM)-polluted soils is a routine practice in developing countries that causes multiple human health consequences. Hence, two independent studies have been performed to investigate the efficiency of rice husk biochar (BC) and three fungal species, Trichoderma harzianum (F1), Trichoderma asperellum (F2) and Trichoderma viride (F3), to improve the growth and physiology of Zea mays L. plants grown on soil contaminated with Cu and Ni. Initially, a biosorption trial was conducted to test the HM removal efficiency of species F1, F2 and F3. Among them, F2 sp. showed the maximum Cu and Ni removal efficiency. Then, a pot study was conducted with two cultivars (spring corn and footer corn) having eleven treatments with three replicates. The results demonstrated a significant genotypic variation among both cultivars under applied HM stress. The maximum decreases in leaf Chl a. (53%), Chl b. (84%) and protein (63%) were reported in footer corn with applied Cu stress. The combined application of biochar and F2 increased leaf CAT (96%) in spring corn relative to Cu stress. Altogether, it was found that BC + F2 treatment showed the maximum efficiency in combatting Cu and Ni stress in spring corn.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma asperellum L. Coupled the Effects of Biochar to Enhance the Growth and Physiology of Contrasting Maize Cultivars under Copper and Nickel Stresses

Amanullah

Khan

2023

Plants

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“…So, the biomass of the plant was significantly ( p ≤ 0.01) decreased (Muro-González et al, 2020 ). According to Kumar and Pathak ( 2018 ), physiological as well as structural changes in different plants are caused by heavy metals stress (As, Pb, Cu, Cr, and Hg). However, ZnBc and CP-silica gel along with B3 significantly ( p ≤ 0.01) enhanced the FW and DW in all plant parts ( Table 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a dry oven, the mixture was heated for 30 min at 95°C and then cooled at freezing temperature. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the absorbance of the mixture at 532 nm and 600 nm wavelengths and by using Beer and Lambert's equation, the concentration of MDA in μmol g −1 was calculated (Kumar and Pathak, 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative efficiency of silica gel, biochar, and plant growth promoting bacteria on Cr and Pb availability to Solanum melongena L. in contaminated soil irrigated with wastewater

et al. 2022

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Crop irrigation with untreated wastewater is a routine practice in developing countries that causes multiple human health consequences. A comparative study was performed to regulate total Cr and Pb stress in soil and Solanum melongena L. plant. For this purpose, 0.2% chitosan polymerized silica gel (CP-silica gel), 1.5% zinc-enriched biochar (ZnBc), and three bacterial species such as Trichococcus sp. (B1), Pseudomonas alcaligenes (B2), and Bacillus subtilis (B3) were selected. Initially, a biosorption trial was conducted to test the heavy metal removal efficiency of three bacterial species B1, B2, and B3 for 24 h. Hence, B3 showed maximum Cr and Pb removal efficiency among the studied bacterial isolates. Then, a pot study was conducted with 12 different treatments having three replicates. After harvesting, different growth and biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll concentration, proteins, phenolics, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed. The results demonstrated that wastewater application significantly (p ≤ 0.01) reduced the fresh and dry weights of the root, stem, and leaves due to high total Cr and Pb toxicity. However, CP-silica gel and ZnBc treatments performed best when applied in combination with B3. The concentration of leaf total Cr was significantly decreased (91 and 85%) with the application of ZnBc + B3 and CP-Silica gel + B3, respectively, as compared to control. There was a reduction in stem hydrogen peroxide (87%) and malondialdehyde (81%) recorded with CP-silica gel + B3 treatment due to enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. ascorbate peroxidase (6-folds) and catalase (7-folds) relative to control. Similarly, leaf total phenolics (3-folds) and protein (6-folds) contents were enhanced with CP silica gel+B3 application relative to control. Overall, CP-silica gel and ZnBc with B3 application proved to be the most appropriate treatments and can be used in developing countries to limit the deleterious effects of total Cr and Pb pollution.

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“…Moreover, the stress of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cd, Mn, As, Pb, Cu, and Hg) induce oxidative stress through uncontrolled production of ROS, which ultimately decreases chlorophyll content and overall growth of plants by suppressing the activities of enzymes (SOD, APX, and CAT), proteins, and phenolic compounds (Rehman et al, 2021). Similarly, Kumar and Pathak (2018) observed that Cu, Pb, Hg, Cr, and As cause structural and physiological changes in plants. However, the applications of CFOP, FOP + BT, and BN significantly (P < 0.01) regulated Cr and Pb ions in the Solanum melongena L. (Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the role of bentonite clay with different soil amendments to minimize the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Solanum melongena L. under the irrigation of tannery wastewater

et al. 2022

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Wastewater from tanneries is a major source of heavy metals in soil and plants when used for crop irrigation. The unavoidable toxicological effects of this contamination, however, can be minimized through two independent steps discussed in the present study. In the first step, a batch sorption experiment was conducted in which Cr was adsorbed through bentonite clay. For this purpose, DTPA extraction method was used to analyze Cr concentration in the soil after regular time intervals (0.5, 1, 2, 6, 8, 9, 10.5, 11.5, and 20.3 h) which reduced Cr concentration from 38.542 mgL–1 for 30 min to 5.6597 mgL–1 for 20.3 h, respectively, by applying 1% bentonite. An increase in the contact time efficiently allowed soil adsorbent to adsorb maximum Cr from soil samples. In the second step, a pot experiment was conducted with 10 different treatments to improve the physiological and biochemical parameters of the Solanum melongena L. irrigated under tanneries’ wastewater stress. There were four replicates, and the crop was harvested after 30 days of germination. It was seen that the application of wastewater significantly (P < 0.01) reduced growth of Solanum melongena L. by reducing root (77%) and shoot (63%) fresh weight when compared with CFOP (Ce-doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles); chlorophyll a and b (fourfolds) were improved under CFOP application relative to control (CN). However, the deleterious effects of Cr (86%) and Pb (90%) were significantly decreased in shoot through CFOP application relative to CN. Moreover, oxidative damage induced by the tannery’s wastewater stress (P < 0.01) was tolerated by applying different soil amendments. However, results were well pronounced with the application of CFOP which competitively decreased the concentrations of MDA (95%), H2O2 (89%), and CMP (85%) by efficiently triggering the activities of antioxidant defense mechanisms such as APX (threefold), CAT (twofold), and phenolics (75%) in stem relative to CN. Consequently, all the applied amendments (BN, BT, FOP, and CFOP) have shown the ability to efficiently tolerate the tannery’s wastewater stress; results were more pronounced with the addition of CFOP and FOP+BT by improving physiological and biochemical parameters of Solanum melongena L. in an eco-friendly way.

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Short-Term Response of Plants Grown under Heavy Metal Toxicity

Cited by 4 publications

References 91 publications

Trichoderma asperellum L. Coupled the Effects of Biochar to Enhance the Growth and Physiology of Contrasting Maize Cultivars under Copper and Nickel Stresses

Trichoderma asperellum L. Coupled the Effects of Biochar to Enhance the Growth and Physiology of Contrasting Maize Cultivars under Copper and Nickel Stresses

Comparative efficiency of silica gel, biochar, and plant growth promoting bacteria on Cr and Pb availability to Solanum melongena L. in contaminated soil irrigated with wastewater

Investigating the role of bentonite clay with different soil amendments to minimize the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Solanum melongena L. under the irrigation of tannery wastewater

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