Short term relationships between solar flares, geomagnetic storms, and tropospheric vorticity patterns

Effects of energetic solar proton events on the cyclone development in the North Atlantic

“…Details of calculating and testing the new dataset are given elsewhere (Thejll, 2002). The new dataset captures the same middle and high-frequency variability as the Olson et al (1975) dataset, but appears smoother and more homogeneous in the low frequencies.…”

“…One method, used in the Olson et al (1975) VAI set, is based on the geostrophic approximation and essentially uses the slope of pressure levels, while another method calculates the vorticity directly from the curl of the horizontal wind ÿeld. We shall use the later method.…”

“…Wilcox et al (1974) showed the tropospheric trough area characterized by the vorticity index reaches a minimum 1 day after the passing of the sector boundary of the interplanetary magnetic ÿeld. Olson et al (1975) revealed the increase of the vorticity index at the 500 mb level related to solar ares with its consequent decrease during the geomagnetic disturbances caused by these ares. Tinsley et al (1989), and Tinsley and Deen (1991) found vorticity decreases, predominating at the latitudes 40-65 • N over oceans, associated with Forbush-decreases of the galactic cosmic rays.…”

Impacts of space weather on sea‐level pressure over the auroral oval

“…This model has been supported by several investigations, which show slight changes in meteorological parameters connected to geomagnetic activities caused by solar events (Duell and Duell 1948;Mustel 1966Mustel , 1972Schuurmans and Oort 1969;Roberts and Olson 1973;King 1974;Schuurmans 1979;Smirnov and Kononovich 1996;Bochnicek et al 1999;Pudovkin and Morozova 1998;Olson 1975;Wilcox et al 1975).…”

Influence of solar wind variability on the recurrence of droughts

“…Solar flares, for example, do seem to induce changes in the pattern of tropospheric circulation both as early effects (6 hr after flare out burst) and delayed effects, e.g. a decrease in the vorticity area index (VAI), 3 to 4 days after the flare (Olson et al, 1975). The physical processes responsible for these phenomena are not well understood.…”