Short-Term Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections: Evidence for Increasing Prevalence of Gram-Negative Microorganisms from a 25-Year Prospective Observational Study

Ripa, Marco; Morata, Laura; Rodríguez‐Núñez, Olga; Cardozo, Celia; Puerta‐Alcalde, Pedro; Hernández‐Meneses, Marta; Ambrosioni, Juan; Linares, Laura; Bodro, Marta; Valcárcel, Andrea; Casals, Climent; Guerrero-León, María De Los Angeles; Almela, Manel; García-Vidal, Carolina; Rı́o, Ana del; Marco, Francesc; Martínez, José Antonio; Soriano, Álex

doi:10.1128/aac.00892-18

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…PIV use can be associated with a plethora of complications, including and not limited to, infiltration, extravasation, phlebitis, premature catheter failure and infection (Helm, Klausner, Klemperer, Flint, & Huang, 2015). PIVs are now identified as an important source of nosocomial infection, and cases of death due to PIV infection are now being reported (Ripa et al., 2018; Sato et al., 2017). Therefore, poor knowledge of routine maintenance, which has been shown to reduce the prevalence of complications, has become a major concern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses' knowledge on routine care and maintenance of adult vascular access devices: A scoping review

Raynak

Marchionni

Lok

et al. 2020

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Background: Vascular access devices (VAD), centrally (CVAD) or peripherally (PIV) located, are common in the nursing profession. A high proportion of admitted patients require a VAD to enable administration of intravenous treatments or diagnostic modalities. As the primary caregivers for these patients, nurses are responsible for ongoing care and maintenance of these devices. Objective: This scoping review examines the current state of practicing nurses knowledge around routine care and maintenance of adult VADs. Methods: In the fall of 2018, the following databases were searched: Medline-Ovid 1946 to current, Embase-Ovid 1947 to current, Ebsco CINAHL Plus with full text and ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health database, and articles were selected according to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Inclusion criteria: original research published in peerreviewed journals; in English or French; and focused on practising nurses' knowledge about the routine care and maintenance of adult VADs. Results: Of the 4,099 abstracts identified, 36 full-text articles were included. Study characteristics are reportedin addition to themes found in the literature: the relationship between demographic data and CVAD/PIV knowledge, the state of nurses' CVAD/PIV knowledge and nurses' CVAD/PIV knowledge scores. Overall, significant gaps in nurses' knowledge on the care and maintenance of VADs are noted. Conclusion: The variability in nurses' knowledge around both CVAD and PIV led the authors to conclude that there is room for improvement in the educational preparation of nurses and a need for workplace training. Relevance to Clinical Practice: This scoping review intends to highlight the knowledge gap of nurses with regard to best practices for VAD routine care and maintenance and demonstrate the need for education, both in educational and healthcare institutions, to ensure high-quality care and improved patient outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses' knowledge on routine care and maintenance of adult vascular access devices: A scoping review

Raynak

Marchionni

Lok

et al. 2020

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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“…About gram negatives PBs, Ripa el al [24] described that gram negative microrganisms were responsible of 22.8% of peripheral venous catheter related bloodstream infections. In our study is next to 19%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood stream infections associated with central and peripheral venous catheters

et al. 2019

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Background The purposes of this study were to determine the incidence of central and peripheral venous catheter-related bacteraemias, the relationship between the suspected and final confirmed bacteraemia origins, and the differences in microbiological, epidemiological, clinical, and analytical characteristics between the groups, including evolution to death. Methods This was a 7-year descriptive retrospective populational study of all bloodstream infections, comparing central (CB) and peripheral (PB) venous catheter-related bacteraemias in patients older than 15 years. Results In all, 285 catheter-related bacteraemia patients, 220 with CBs (77.19%) and 65 with PBs (22.81%), were analysed among 1866 cases with bloodstream infections. The cumulative incidence per 1000 patients-day of hospital stay was 0.36 for CB and 0.106 for PB. In terms of the suspected origin, there was less accuracy in diagnosing catheter-related bloodstream infections (68. 2%) than those of other origins (78. 4%), p < 0.001. The accuracy was greater for PB (75%) than for CB (66. 2%), Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequent microorganisms in both groups but occurred 1.57 times more frequently in CB (64.1%/40.6%) (p = 0.004), while Staphylococcus aureus (23. 4%/9.5%) (p = 0.02) and Enterobacteriae species (15.6%/6. 3%) (p = 0.003) were 2.5 times more frequent in PB. The CB patients stayed at the hospital for an average of 7.44 days longer than did the PB patients; more CB patients had active neoplasia (70. 4%/32.8%), more had surgery in the previous week (29. 2%/8. 3%), and fewer received adequate empirical treatment (53.9%/ 62.5%). Catheter was not removed in 8. 2% of CB and 3.7% of PB. On the other hand, the CB and PB patients had similar Pitt scores at blood extraction (median 0.89 versus 0.84 points, respectively; p = 0.8) and similar survival rates at hospital discharge (91.1% versus 90. 2%; p = 0.81). Conclusions Central catheters were more frequent sources of bacteraemias than were peripheral catheters. There were important differences in the microbiological aetiology as well. PB patients received correct empirical antibiotic treatment more frequently and had a higher initial rate of correct determination of the suspected source of bacteraemia. Differences in the microbiological aetiology and empirical antibiotic treatment received, and probably catheter removal and time to catheter removal could explain why CB and PB patients had similar survival rates .

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“…In patients who undergo dialysis, infections after insertion of the catheter is a prominent issue. Bacteraemia can occur in patients between 0.6 to 6.5 episodes per 1000 catheter days [12] and 87.3% of catheter-related infections are caused by Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus; however, Gram-negative microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, can also be the cause of bacteraemia in patients [13]. Catheter infection complications can occur in 15%-40% of cases.…”

Section: Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused Deposition Modelling as a Potential Tool for Antimicrobial Dialysis Catheters Manufacturing: New Trends vs. Conventional Approaches

et al. 2019

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The rising rate of individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ineffective treatment methods for catheter-associated infections in dialysis patients has led to the need for a novel approach to the manufacturing of catheters. The current process requires moulding, which is time consuming, and coated catheters used currently increase the risk of bacterial resistance, toxicity, and added expense. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has gained a lot of attention in recent years and offers the opportunity to rapidly manufacture catheters, matched to patients through imaging and at a lower cost. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) in particular allows thermoplastic polymers to be printed into the desired devices from a model made using computer aided design (CAD). Limitations to FDM include the small range of thermoplastic polymers that are compatible with this form of printing and the high degradation temperature required for drugs to be extruded with the polymer. Hot-melt extrusion (HME) allows the potential for antimicrobial drugs to be added to the polymer to create catheters with antimicrobial activity, therefore being able to overcome the issue of increased rates of infection. This review will cover the area of dialysis and catheter-related infections, current manufacturing processes of catheters and methods to prevent infection, limitations of current processes of catheter manufacture, future directions into the manufacture of catheters, and how drugs can be incorporated into the polymers to help prevent infection.

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Short-Term Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections: Evidence for Increasing Prevalence of Gram-Negative Microorganisms from a 25-Year Prospective Observational Study

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Nurses' knowledge on routine care and maintenance of adult vascular access devices: A scoping review

Nurses' knowledge on routine care and maintenance of adult vascular access devices: A scoping review

Blood stream infections associated with central and peripheral venous catheters

Fused Deposition Modelling as a Potential Tool for Antimicrobial Dialysis Catheters Manufacturing: New Trends vs. Conventional Approaches

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