Short-term oral toxicity study of diethyl phthalate in the rat

Brown, David C.; Butterworth, K.R.; Gaunt, I.F.; Grasso, P.; Gangolli, S.D.

doi:10.1016/s0015-6264(78)80258-2

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…No specific lesions were obsen/ed in subchronic or chronic feeding studies of DEP to rats and dogs. However, decreased consumption of food and increased relative organ weights were observed in some of the animals (EPA 1980, Brown et al 1978. Workers chronically exposed to DEP experienced pain, numbness, and spasms in the upper and lower extremities (ACGIH 1986).…”

Section: References American Conference Of Governf/ental Industrial Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPA (1990) calculated an oral reference dose (RfD) of 8x10'^ mg/kg-day based on a subchronic rat study in which decreased growth rate, food consumption, and altered organ weights were the observed effects (Brown et al 1978). The oral RfD was derived using a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 750 mg/kg-day and an uncertainty factor of 1,000.…”

Section: References American Conference Of Governf/ental Industrial Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Risk Assessment for Eight Selected Study Areas. Volume II

ABINGDON¹

1996

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Section: References American Conference Of Governf/ental Industrial Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: References American Conference Of Governf/ental Industrial Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Risk Assessment for Eight Selected Study Areas. Volume II

ABINGDON¹

1996

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“…In addition, it is used extensively as a denaturant for cosmetic alcohol and in hair-spray preparations (357).…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plasticizer DEHP has achieved increased interest; together with other phthalate esters, it constitutes a new class of environmental pollutants (349,357,358). Over one-fourth of the total production of plasticizers in 1972 was accounted for by DEHP.…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Priority toxic pollutants in human urine :

Fatiadi¹

1983

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Esters of Aromatic Diacids (Phthalates)

Greim

2023

Patty's Toxicology

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Phthalate esters are used as plasticizers for a variety of plastic materials; those of C8 and above are used to add flexibility to polyvinyl chloride (PVC). They also are used with vinyl and cellulose resins to lend toughness and flexibility. They are commonly used in wire and cable coverings, moldings, vinyl consumer products, and medical devices. Some low‐molecular‐weight phthalate esters (e.g., methyl, ethyl, and butyl) are preferentially used as industrial solvents and in consumer products, such as ink and lacquer. Phthalates occur mainly in liquid form with high boiling ranges and very low vapor pressures, both contributing to the high stability of these materials. The critical health effects of phthalate esters like DEHP, butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), di‐ iso ‐butyl phthalate (DIBP), di‐ n ‐butyl phthalate (DNBP), and dipentyl phthalate (DPP) are their interaction with the endogenous production of fetal testicular testosterone in rats. This impairs the reproduction of rodents by decreasing sperm production so that ECHA has labeled this group as toxic for reproduction (1B), whereas high molecular phthalates (HMP) such as DINP do not warrant classification for effects on sexual function, fertility, and developmental toxicity. Currently, di‐isononylphthalate (DINP) is replacing di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) widely in industrial and consumer products. Photodegradation half‐lives of dimethyl‐ and diethylphthalate are about 14 and 3 days, respectively, those of the other esters below 1 day. Half‐lives of aerobic degradation differ largely. The acute aquatic EC or LD50 values determined in algae, daphnids, and minnows mostly did not show effects at the solubility limits. Legal limits of European Commission (EC) for phthalates in plastic layer in direct contact with food are as follows: DBP up to 0.3 mg/kg, BBP, up to 30 mg/kg, DEHP, up to 1.5 mg/kg, sum of DINP and DIDP up to 9 mg/kg.

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Short-term oral toxicity study of diethyl phthalate in the rat

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Preliminary Risk Assessment for Eight Selected Study Areas. Volume II

Preliminary Risk Assessment for Eight Selected Study Areas. Volume II

Priority toxic pollutants in human urine :

Esters of Aromatic Diacids (Phthalates)

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