Short-term moderate exercise provides long-lasting protective effects against metabolic dysfunction in rats fed a high-fat diet

Tófolo, Laize Peron; Ribeiro, Tatiane Aparecida; Malta, Ananda; Miranda, Rosiane Aparecida; Gomes, Rodrigo Mello; Oliveira, Júlio Cézar de; Abdennebi-Najar, Latifa; Almeida, Douglas Lopes; Trombini, Amanda Bianchi; Franco, Claudinéia Conationi da Silva; Pavanello, Audrei; Fabricio, Gabriel Sérgio; Rinaldi, Wilson; Barella, Luiz F.; Mathias, Paulo Cézar de Freitas; Palma‐Rigo, Kesia

doi:10.1007/s00394-014-0816-7

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Exercise of moderate intensity corresponded to a treadmill velocity that elicited between 55 and 65% of VO 2max and was adjusted to the value of final workload achieved in effort tests (average 50 cm/s). The intensity of the training was confirmed at 70, 85, and 98 days of life using a maximum effort test (Tofolo et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At 30, 60, 70, 85, and 98 days of life, physical trained (Ex) animals performed an effort test to determine VO 2max utilizing a gas analyzer coupled to a hermetically sealed cage with an individual treadmill for rodents (Panlab, Harvard Apparatus®, Cornellà- Barcelona—Spain). The test began with a warm up (5 min/10 cm/s/0° of inclination), followed by increments of 9 cm/s every 3 min until exhaustion of the animal; defined as when the animal was unable to keep the pace set by the treadmill (Ferreira et al, 2007 ; Tofolo et al, 2015 ). The final workload was considered to be the velocity at which animals were exhausted and were not able to maintain their running velocity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A High Fat Diet during Adolescence in Male Rats Negatively Programs Reproductive and Metabolic Function Which Is Partially Ameliorated by Exercise

et al. 2017

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An interaction between obesity, impaired glucose metabolism and sperm function in adults has been observed but it is not known whether exposure to a diet high in fat during the peri-pubertal period can have longstanding programmed effects on reproductive function and gonadal structure. This study examined metabolic and reproductive function in obese rats programmed by exposure to a high fat (HF) diet during adolescence. The effect of physical training (Ex) in ameliorating this phenotype was also assessed. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were fed a HF diet (35% lard w/w) for 30 days then subsequently fed a normal fat diet (NF) for a 40-day recovery period. Control animals were fed a NF diet throughout life. At 70 days of life, animals started a low frequency moderate exercise training that lasted 30 days. Control animals remained sedentary (Se). At 100 days of life, biometric, metabolic and reproductive parameters were evaluated. Animals exposed to HF diet showed greater body weight, glucose intolerance, increased fat tissue deposition, reduced VO2max and reduced energy expenditure. Consumption of the HF diet led to an increase in the number of abnormal seminiferous tubule and a reduction in seminiferous epithelium height and seminiferous tubular diameter, which was reversed by moderate exercise. Compared with the NF-Se group, a high fat diet decreased the number of seminiferous tubules in stages VII-VIII and the NF-Ex group showed an increase in stages XI-XIII. HF-Se and NF-Ex animals showed a decreased number of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymis compared with animals from the NF-Se group. Animals exposed to both treatments (HF and Ex) were similar to all the other groups, thus these alterations induced by HF or Ex alone were partially prevented. Physical training reduced fat pad deposition and restored altered reproductive parameters. HF diet consumption during the peri-pubertal period induces long-term changes on metabolism and the reproductive system, but moderate and low frequency physical training is able to recover adipose tissue deposition and reproductive system alterations induced by high fat diet. This study highlights the importance of a balanced diet and continued physical activity during adolescence, with regard to metabolic and reproductive health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Fat Diet during Adolescence in Male Rats Negatively Programs Reproductive and Metabolic Function Which Is Partially Ameliorated by Exercise

et al. 2017

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“…Notably, Palma-Rigo and colleagues observed that physical training was unable to negate some of the harmful effects of an HFD on the cardiovascular system (27). Additionally, Canet-Soulas and colleagues reported that exercise did not protect against the side effects of high cholesterol intake on cardio-metabolic risk (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Fat and Fat-Enriched Diets Impair the Benefits of Moderate Physical Training in the Aorta and the Heart in Rats

et al. 2017

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AimMillions of people die each year due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A Western lifestyle not only fuses a significant intake of fat with physical inactivity and obesity but also promotes CVD. Recent evidence suggests that dietary fat intake impairs the benefits of physical training. We investigated whether aerobic training could reverse the adverse effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on the aorta. Then, we explored whether this type of exercise could reverse the damage to the heart that is imposed by fat-enriched diet (FED).MethodsRats were randomly assigned to two experiments, which lasted 8 weeks each. First, rats swam for 60 min and were fed either a regular diet [standard diet (STD)] or an HFD. After aortic samples had been collected, the rats underwent a histopathological analysis for different biomarkers. Another experiment subjected rats that were fed either an STD or an FED to swimming for 20 or 90 min.ResultsThe first experiment revealed that rats that were subjected to an HFD-endured increased oxidative damage in the aorta that exercises could not counteract. Together with increased cyclooxygenase 2 expression, an HFD in combination with physical training increased the number of macrophages. A reduction in collagen fibers with an increased number of positive α-actin cells and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 occurred concomitantly. Upon analyzing the second experiment, we found that physically training rats that were given an FED for 90 min/day decreased the cardiac adipose tissue density, although it did not protect the heart from fat-induced oxidative damage. Even though the physical training lowered cholesterol levels that were promoted by the FED, the levels were still higher than those in the animals that were given an STD. Feeding rats an FED impaired the swimming protocol’s effects on lowering triglyceride concentration. Additionally, exercise was unable to reverse the fat-induced deregulation in hepatic antioxidant and lipid peroxidation activities.ConclusionOur findings reveal that an increased intake of fat undermines the potential benefits of physical exercise on the heart and the aorta.

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“…The findings presented by Lee et al show that MDPs play a role in whole‐body metabolic balance in mice, which highlights the importance of mitochondria not just as end‐point fat burners but also as key players in endocrine regulation. Interestingly, the protection conferred by MOTS‐c against the deleterious effects of a high‐fat diet shares many similarities with that provided by regular exercise (Tofolo et al, ). The stimuli elicited by exercise induce phenotype modifications at the skeletal muscle level that increase oxidative capacity and fat utilization while reducing lipid‐mediated insulin resistance (Samuel and Shulman, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Interestingly, the protection conferred by MOTS-c against the deleterious effects of a high-fat diet shares many similarities with that provided by regular exercise (Tofolo et al, 2014). The stimuli elicited by exercise induce phenotype modifications at the skeletal muscle level that increase oxidative capacity and fat utilization while reducing lipid-mediated insulin resistance (Samuel and Shulman, 2012).…”

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The role of mitochondrial derived peptides (MDPs) in metabolism

Alis

Lucía

Blesa

et al. 2015

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Short-term moderate exercise provides long-lasting protective effects against metabolic dysfunction in rats fed a high-fat diet

Abstract: Four weeks of moderate exercise at low frequency was able to prevent the metabolic changes induced by a HFD but not the deleterious effects of diet on the cardiovascular system.

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

A High Fat Diet during Adolescence in Male Rats Negatively Programs Reproductive and Metabolic Function Which Is Partially Ameliorated by Exercise

A High Fat Diet during Adolescence in Male Rats Negatively Programs Reproductive and Metabolic Function Which Is Partially Ameliorated by Exercise

High-Fat and Fat-Enriched Diets Impair the Benefits of Moderate Physical Training in the Aorta and the Heart in Rats

The role of mitochondrial derived peptides (MDPs) in metabolism

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