Short‐term <i>in vitro</i> responses of human peripheral blood monocytes to ferritic stainless steel fiber networks

Spear, Rose L.; Brooks, Roger A.; Markaki, Athina E.

doi:10.1002/jbm.a.34451

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It was observed that cell attachment at early time points was associated solely with the surfaces and junctions of the metal fibers. 9,11 Similar findings were observed in the networks used in the present study as illustrated in Figure 2c. However, theoretically the optimal region for transduction of strain to cells in vivo lies within interfiber spaces as depicted in Figure 1a.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The present study builds upon earlier work with these stainless steel grades in fully dense form 8 and as fiber networks. 9,11 These earlier studies established the suitability of these fiber networks for in vitro cell culture with a range of different cell types, including human mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. It was observed that cell attachment at early time points was associated solely with the surfaces and junctions of the metal fibers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…444 Ferritic stainless steel has recently been shown to support the in vitro culture of human osteoblasts (HObs) without eliciting undue inflammatory responses from monocytes. 8 Additional studies that used fiber networks composed of 444 ferritic stainless steel further support the ability to culture HObs 9 and human mesenchymal stem cells 10 without eliciting undue inflammatory responses from monocytes 11 on these scaffolds in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Physical and Biological Characterization of Ferromagnetic Fiber Networks: Effect of Fibrin Deposition on Short-Term In Vitro Responses of Human Osteoblasts

Spear

Srigengan

Neelakantan

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Ferromagnetic fiber networks have the potential to deform in vivo imparting therapeutic levels of strain on ingrowing periprosthetic bone tissue. 444 Ferritic stainless steel provides a suitable material for this application due to its ability to support cultures of human osteoblasts (HObs) without eliciting undue inflammatory responses from monocytes in vitro. In the present article, a 444 fiber network, containing 17 vol% fibers, has been investigated. The network architecture was obtained by applying a skeletonization algorithm to three-dimensional tomographic reconstructions of the fiber networks. Elastic properties were measured using low-frequency vibration testing, providing globally averaged properties as opposed to mechanical methods that yield only local properties. The optimal region for transduction of strain to cells lies between the ferromagnetic fibers. However, cell attachment, at early time points, occurs primarily on fiber surfaces. Deposition of fibrin, a fibrous protein involved in acute inflammatory responses, can facilitate cell attachment within this optimal region at early time points. The current work compared physiological (3 and 5 g$L -1 ) and supraphysiological fibrinogen concentrations (10 g$L -1 ), using static in vitro seeding of HObs, to determine the effect of fibrin deposition on cell responses during the first week of cell culture. Early cell attachment within the interfiber spaces was observed in all fibrin-containing samples, supported by fibrin nanofibers. Fibrin deposition influenced the seeding, metabolic activity, and early stage differentiation of HObs cultured in the fibrin-containing fiber networks in a concentration-dependant manner. While initial cell attachment for networks with fibrin deposited from low physiological concentrations was similar to control samples without fibrin deposition, significantly higher HObs attached onto high physiological and supraphysiological concentrations. Despite higher cell numbers with supraphysiological concentrations, cell metabolic activities were similar for all fibrinogen concentrations. Further, cells cultured on supraphysiological concentrations exhibited lower cell differentiation as measured by alkaline phosphatase activity at early time points. Overall, the current study suggests that physiological fibrinogen concentrations would be more suitable than supraphysiological concentrations for supporting early cell activity in porous implant coatings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Physical and Biological Characterization of Ferromagnetic Fiber Networks: Effect of Fibrin Deposition on Short-Term In Vitro Responses of Human Osteoblasts

Spear

Srigengan

Neelakantan

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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“…The diagonal length of the fibre cross-sectional area was about 40 µm. Details on the manufacturing of these networks are described elsewhere [40,41]. Information on the 444 and 316L networks are presented in Table 2 [41,42].…”

Section: Substrates -Fibre Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of Human Osteoblast Differentiation in Magneto-Mechanically Actuated Ferromagnetic Fibre Networks

Levy¹,

Birch²,

Brooks³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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There is currently an interest in “active” implantable biomedical devices that include mechanical stimulation as an integral part of their design. This paper reports the experimental use of a porous scaffold made of interconnected networks of slender ferromagnetic ﬁbres that can be actuated in vivo by an external magnetic ﬁeld applying strains to in-growing cells. Such scaffolds have been previously characterized in terms of their mechanical and cellular responses. In this study, it is shown that the shape changes induced in the scaffolds can be used to promote osteogenesis in vitro. In particular, immunofluorescence, gene and protein analyses reveal that the actuated networks exhibit higher mineralization and extracellular matrix production, and express higher levels of osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, collagen type 1a1, runt-related transcription factor 2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2 than the static controls at the 3-week time point. The results suggest that the cells filling the inter-fibre spaces are able to sense and react to the magneto-mechanically induced strains facilitating osteogenic differentiation and maturation. This work provides evidence in support of using this approach to stimulate bone ingrowth around a device implanted in bone and can pave the way for further applications in bone tissue engineering.

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“…If the strains generated in the surrounding tissue lie in the beneficial range, bone cell growth will be promoted [3]. Cell responses to these networks have been assessed using human osteoblasts [4] and peripheral blood monocytes [5]. Metal fibre networks of this type [6] exhibit good mechanical properties even at high porosity levels as compared to typical open-cell metallic foams [7], whose properties are often very poor partly due unavoidable stress localization effects by severe inhomogeneities and gross defects and by the presence of embrittling constituents in the cell walls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response to 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Networks

et al. 2013

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The aim of this work is to improve bone-implant bonding. This can, potentially, be achieved through the use of an implant coating composed of fibre networks. It is hypothesised that such an implant can achieve strong peri-prosthetic bone anchorage, when seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The materials employed were 444 and 316L stainless steel fibre networks of the same fibre volume fraction. The present work confirms that hMSCs are able to proliferate and differentiate towards the osteogenic lineage when seeded onto the fibre networks. Cellular viability, proliferation and metabolic activity were assessed and the results suggest higher proliferation rates when hMSC are seeded onto the 444 networks as compared to 316L. Cell distribution was found uniform across the seeded surfaces with 444 showing a somewhat higher infiltration depth.

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Short‐term in vitro responses of human peripheral blood monocytes to ferritic stainless steel fiber networks

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Physical and Biological Characterization of Ferromagnetic Fiber Networks: Effect of Fibrin Deposition on Short-Term In Vitro Responses of Human Osteoblasts

Physical and Biological Characterization of Ferromagnetic Fiber Networks: Effect of Fibrin Deposition on Short-Term In Vitro Responses of Human Osteoblasts

Stimulation of Human Osteoblast Differentiation in Magneto-Mechanically Actuated Ferromagnetic Fibre Networks

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response to 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Networks

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