Short-term HRV in young adults for momentary assessment of acute mental stress

Binary symbolic dynamics analysis to detect stress-associated changes of nonstationary heart rate variability

“…Acute mental stress exerted by a mental arithmetic task could be reliably quantified using RMSSD, LFnu and HFnu (i.e. LF and HF expressed in normalized units as an equivalent to HF% and LF% in the present study) and HF 29 . LF was not able to reliably quantify the acute stress.…”

“…The impact of different kinds of stress (e.g. mental stress, psychosocial stress) on physiological functioning such as the heart rate and heart rate variability has been investigated in numerous studies 23 – 29 . The Trier Social Stress Test as a standardized psychosocial stress procedure has also been investigated with respect to changes of HRV during the procedure 15 , 16 , 30 .…”

Explore the effects of forest travel activities on university students’ stress affection

“…The data could show information on pulse, standard deviation of the Average NN intervals (SDANN), Low-Frequency (LF), High-Frequency (HF), and Low-Frequency/High-Frequency (LF/HF) ratios. The lower pulse rate and SDANN indicate lower stress levels ( Li et al, 2008 ; Rosenberg et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2020 ), while the lower LF/HF ratio indicates lower stress levels ( Malik, 1996 ; Reed et al, 2005 ; Rosenberg et al, 2017 ).…”

Academic stress detection on university students during COVID-19 outbreak by using an electronic nose and the galvanic skin response

“…In a research study conducted about this topic, electronic devices to measure stress in diverse environments such as social networking usage [ 11 ], builders [ 12 ], dentists [ [13] , [14] , [15] ], and higher education teachers were used. Another method was applied from the physiological patient signals in which electrocardiogram (ECG) [ 16 , 17 ], ECG characteristics, for example heart rate (HR) [ 18 , 19 ], electroencephalogram (EEG) [ 20 , 21 ], electrodermal activity (EDA) [ 22 , 23 ], electromyogram (EMG) [ 24 , 25 ], breathing [ 26 , 27 ], blood volume pulse (BVP) [ 28 ], skin temperature [ 29 , 30 ] the pupil diameter [ 31 , 32 ], thermal photographs [ 33 ], etcetera, which also were implemented. Cortisol in biofluids and the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emitted by the skin seem to be practical and useful markers for the detection of emotional stress events [ 34 , 35 ]; nevertheless, nowadays, there are no investigations about the application of electronic devices for the parameter measurements related to stress in academic settings.…”