Short‐term high‐intensity interval training improves micro‐ but not macrovascular function in hypertensive patients

Twerenbold, Simon; Hauser, Christoph; Gander, Joséphine; Carrard, Justin; Gugleta, Konstantin; Hinrichs, Timo; Schmidt‐Trucksäss, Arno; Hanssen, Henner; Streese, Lukas

doi:10.1111/sms.14343

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Chronically trained subjects demonstrated enhanced FMD, peak blood flow, and peak artery diameter in the femoral artery and higher skeletal muscle oxygen desaturation and reperfusion rates compared with untrained subjects, suggesting that exercise training duration might be a considerable factor in improving macro-microvascular function in human participants [10,11]. Combined aerobic and resistance exercise training improved skin blood flow in lipid metabolism outpatients, and acute high-intensity interval running and moderate-intensity interval running improved macrovascular function in the brachial artery and microvascular function in the cutaneous artery in adolescents [12], but high-intensity interval training (HIIT) elicited only the improvement of retinal microvascular function in hypertensive patients [13]. In both land-and water-based cycling ex-ercise training enhanced macrovascular function through an increase in FMD, a decrease in arterial stiffness, and elevation of plasma NO in patients with type II diabetes, but microvascular function was only improved in the water-based exercise group [14].…”

Section: Macro-and Microvascular Response To Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microvascular Function and Exercise Training: Functional Implication of Nitric Oxide Signaling and Ion Channels

Hong,

Park

2024

Pulse

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Exercise training elicits indubitable positive adaptation in microcirculation in health and disease populations. The main physiological function of microvasculature is to maintain optimal blood flow regulation to supply oxygen and nutrition during elevated physical demands in the cardiovascular system. There are several cellular and molecular alterations in resistance vessels in response to exercise intervention, an increase in nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation through the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and ion channels in endothelial cells, thus increasing myogenic tone via voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in smooth muscle cells. Here in the review, we postulate that exercise should be considered a medicine for people with diverse diseases through a comprehensive understanding of the cellular and molecular underlying mechanisms in microcirculation by exercise training.

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Section: Macro-and Microvascular Response To Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microvascular Function and Exercise Training: Functional Implication of Nitric Oxide Signaling and Ion Channels

Hong,

Park

2024

Pulse

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“…Therefore, by improving training capacity, the AHA offers an interval training strategy performed with acceptable loads that ensures comparable benefits to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to those associated with high-intensity exercise, while reducing the probability of cardiac risk events 15 . HIIT has been recognized as an effective exercise modality and has received widespread attention from the clinical field and healthcare professionals, with some European and North American athletic teams increasingly adopting HIIT protocols in CR 17 , 18 . It has been found that HIIT not only improves mitochondrial biogenesis, insulin sensitivity, glucose regulation, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, deep abdominal adiposity, and blood pressure more than MICT, but also has more advantages in improving skeletal muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and athletic ability 19 – 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on patient quality of life in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yu,

Zhao,

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the quality of life (QOL) and mental health (MH) of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVDs). Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Cochrane (CENTRAL), CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and China Science and Technology Journal databases were searched from their date of establishment to July, 2023. A total of 5798 articles were screened, of which 25 were included according to the eligibility criteria. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were used to analyze data from the same and different indicator categories, respectively. The fixed-effects model (FE) or random-effects model (RE) combined data based on the between-study heterogeneity. There were no statistically significant differences regarding QOL, physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), and MH, including depression and anxiety levels, between the HIIT and MICT groups [SMD = 0.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) − 0.18–0.61, Z = 1.06, P = 0.290; SMD = 0.10, 95% CI − 0.03–0.23, Z = 1.52, P = 0.128; SMD = 0.07, 95% CI − 0.05–0.20, Z = 1.13, P = 0.25; SMD = − 0.08, 95% CI − 0.40–0.25, Z = − 0.46, P = 0.646; WMD = 0.14. 95% CI − 0.56–0.84, Z = 0.39, P = 0.694, respectively]. HIIT significantly improved PCS in the coronary artery disease (CAD) population subgroup relative to MICT. HIIT was also significantly superior to MICT for physical role, vitality, and social function. We conclude that HIIT and MICT have similar effects on QOL and MH in patients with CVD, while HIIT is favorable for improving patients’ self-perceived physiological functioning based on their status and social adjustment, and this effect is more significant in patients with CAD.

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Eight weeks of exercise intervention improves visuomotor and functional capacity, performance, and physiological profile in a patient with choroidal melanoma

Mendes Wefelnberg,

Moll,

von Stein

et al. 2024

Journal of Applied Physiology

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The aim of this case-study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week combined exercise intervention, consisting of visual-coordinative and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), on the physical and visuomotor-functional capacity, performance, and physiological profile of a moderately active 29-year-old man diagnosed with choroidal melanoma of the left eye. Data were collected on three occasions: at the initial diagnosis (T0), after hospitalization and radiotherapy treatment (T1), and following the recovery through the exercise intervention (T2), spanning a total of 17 weeks. The primary outcome variables consisted of visuomotor and functional tests (VFT), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and microvascular circulation measured via flicker-light induced dilation (FiD). For visuomotor tests in general, a significant decline was observed between baseline T0 and T1 (by 6-22%), followed by significant improvements at T2 (by 11-36%), surpassing the initially observed T0 values. The cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPET)-derived parameters exhibited a similar pattern, declining from T0 to T1 (by 8-12% for peak V̇O2, peak PO, and CPET duration, respectively), with a subsequent recovery observed in response to 8 weeks of exercise training (T2), resulting in increases of 11-25% for V̇O2, peak PO, and CPET duration. Interestingly, the dilation of both arteries and veins in response to FiD stimulus exhibited a twofold increase compared to baseline levels. Our results suggest that the 8-week exercise intervention improved patients' VFT and CRF profiles and exceeded baseline values. However, further research with a more robust methodology and a larger sample size is needed to comprehensively explain changes in FiD.

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Short‐term high‐intensity interval training improves micro‐ but not macrovascular function in hypertensive patients

Abstract: This study was registered on Clini calTr ials.gov (NCT04763005).

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Microvascular Function and Exercise Training: Functional Implication of Nitric Oxide Signaling and Ion Channels

Microvascular Function and Exercise Training: Functional Implication of Nitric Oxide Signaling and Ion Channels

High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on patient quality of life in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Eight weeks of exercise intervention improves visuomotor and functional capacity, performance, and physiological profile in a patient with choroidal melanoma

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