Short-term exposure to particulate air pollution and risk of myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

A growing number of studies have associated short-term exposure to ambient particulate matter air pollution (PM) and risk of specific cardiovascular events, just as myocardial infarction (MI). However, the results of the recent studies were inconsistent; therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. To synthetically quantify the association between short-term exposure to PM and risk of MI, a meta-analysis was conducted to combine the estimates of effect for a relationship between short-term exposure to PM10, PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤ 10 μm, 2.5 μm in diameter) and risk of MI. Electronic database searches for all relevant published studies were updated in January 2015. And, a random-effects model was performed to estimate pooled relative risk (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Thirty-one published observational epidemiological studies were identified. Risk of MI was significantly associated with per 10 μg/m(3) increment in PM10 (OR = 1.005; 95 % CI 1.001-1.008) and PM2.5 (OR = 1.022; 95 % CI 1.015-1.030). The risk of PM2.5 exposure was relatively greater than PM10. In the subgroup analysis by study design, location, quality score, and lag exposure, the results were basically consistent with the former overall results in PM2.5 but slightly changed in PM10. Short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) was a risk factor for MI, and the results further confirmed the discovery in the previous meta-analysis.

Sex-specific Prevalence of coronary heart disease among Tehranian adult population across different glycemic status: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, 2008-2011

“…As we reported previously, modi able risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, smoking and dyslipidemia totally had population attributable fraction of 36.6% and 50.2% of incident CHD among male and female Tehranian population, respectively [4]. Other reasons that might justify the high prevalence of CHD among Tehranian population are related to impact of air pollution [26,27] and stress [28], which are common in Tehran.…”

Quartz Dust Exposure Affects NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Plasma Levels of IL-18 and IL-1Ra in Iron Foundry Workers

“…Therefore, there is a risk that we do not measure acute daily differences, but an effect of accumulated exposure. However, studies in the general environment have observed increased risk of CVD due to short-term variations in PM exposure, indicating that daily variations can have biological effects [35]. Furthermore, the iron foundry environment contains, in addition to PM and quartz, chemical agents from the binders used together with the sand to form the molds.…”

Relationship between Particulate Matter Pollution and Acute Coronary Syndrome Incidence

“…The exact mechanisms by which short-term exposure to high levels of PM could elevate the risk of MI remains uncertain. However, several possible mechanisms for the associations have been discussed [24,44,45], including an elevated risk of inflammation [43], increased heart rate and reduced heart rate variability [46][47][48], increased blood viscosity [49,50], hypercoagulability [51], and vasoconstriction [52].…”