Short-term eustatic sea-level changes during the Cenomanian–Turonian Supergreenhouse interval in the Kopet-Dagh Basin, NE Tethyan realm

A Re‐evaluation of the Plenus Cold Event, and the Links Between CO2, Temperature, and Seawater Chemistry During OAE 2

“…22 Aimaki, Khadzhalmakhi, Levashi (Gavrilov et al, ). 23 Taherabad (Kalanat et al, ). 24 Tappu (Nemoto & Hasegawa, ); Yezo (Du Vivier et al, ).…”

“…Δ 13 C marine records from the UK, France, Germany, and Morocco show a similar trend to the terrestrial records from the Western Interior Seaway: namely, a rise then fall in CO 2 over the P‐CIE interval (Gale et al, ; Jarvis et al, ; Voigt et al, , ). Two Δ 13 C records, from France (Gale et al, ) and Iran (Kalanat et al, ), show different trends: both indicate an increase in p CO 2 over the P‐CIE, although both show poorly resolved Plenus CIEs owing to condensation, diagenesis, or poorly resolved stratigraphy.…”

“…The early stages of OAE 2 have been studied extensively across the Northern Hemisphere, with multiple quantitative and qualitative records indicating brief cooling around the P‐CIE interval (Figure ). δ 18 O (Kalanat et al, ; Kuhnt et al, ), TEX 86 (Forster et al, ; Sinninghe Damsté et al, ), faunal assemblages (Eldrett et al, ; van Helmond et al, , ), and foraminiferal coiling direction (Desmares et al, ) show clear evidence for cooling across the Tethyan margins, North Atlantic, and Western Interior Seaway. In France and Germany, incursions of boreal fauna and dinocysts also indicate cooling, as supported by δ 18 O and TEX 86 records (Figure ; Takashima et al, ; Voigt et al, , , ; van Helmond et al, ).…”

“…17 Amaki, Khadzhalmakhi, Levashi (Gavrilov et al, ). 18 Taherabad (Kalanat et al, ). Base map from Scotese, ().…”

Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and palaeobiogeography of the Albian–Turonian succession from the Sulaiman Range, Pakistan

“…Deeper‐dwelling planktic foraminifera, such as Rotalipora and Thalmanninella , vanished during the OAE2, but this loss of diversity was offset by the emergence of new forms before, during, and after the event, as the first double‐keeled taxa, which were common throughout the Cretaceous, appeared in the late Cenomanian (Lowery et al, 2020; Premoli‐Silva & Sliter, 1999). The diversity was reduced during the uppermost Cenomanian–lowermost Turonian, that is, Bonarelli event/OAE 2 (Kalanat et al, 2018). The OAE 2 correspond to the global extinction of rotaliporids (Caron & Premoli‐Silva, 2007; Leckie, 1984; Premoli‐Silva & Sliter, 1999; Wonders, 1980) and is devoid of any planktonic foraminifera in the Murree Brewery Section, the same cannot be demarcated in the other studied section (i.e., Loralai Section) most probably due to the coarse sampling interval.…”