Short-term effects of biochar on grapevine fine root dynamics and arbuscular mycorrhizae production

Améndola, C.; Montagnoli, Antonio; Terzaghi, Mattia; Trupiano, Dalila; Oliva, Federica; Baronti, Silvia; Miglietta, Franco; Chiatante, Donato; Scippa, Gabriella Stefania

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2017.01.025

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Our results are in accordance with those of other authors, who reported increments in plants aboveground and belowground biomass, applying biochar at low doses to different species [15,50,51]. In grapevine, a significant increase of fine root biomass has been observed following the application of biochar as an amendment to the vineyard soil [52]. Table 7.…”

Section: Grapevine Planting Materials Productionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Valorization of Vineyard By-Products to Obtain Composted Digestate and Biochar Suitable for Nursery Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Production

et al. 2019

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Although compost and biochar received high attention as growing media, little information is available on the potential of vineyard by-products for the production and use of composted solid digestate (CSD) and biochar (BC). In the present study, two experiments are reported on CSD and BC mixed with commercial peat (CP) for grapevine planting material production. Four doses (0, 10%, 20%, 40% vol.) of CSD and BC were assessed in the first and second experiment, respectively. CSD mixed at a dose of 10% recorded the highest values of shoot dry weight (SDW) and a fraction of total dry biomass allocated to shoot (FTS), both cropping bench-graft and bare-rooted vine. On the other hand, CSD mixed at a dose of 40% displayed the highest values of SDW and FTS, cropping two-year-old vine. BC used at a dose of 10% improved SDW, root dry weight, total dry weight, FTS, shoot diameter, and height on bare-rooted vine. The present study shows that CSD and BC, coming from the valorization of vineyard by-products, can be used in the production of innovative growing media suitable for nursery grapevine production. Further studies are needed to assess the combined applications of CSD and BC in the same growing media.

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Section: Grapevine Planting Materials Productionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Valorization of Vineyard By-Products to Obtain Composted Digestate and Biochar Suitable for Nursery Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Production

et al. 2019

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“…38 Lengthening of root in plants is connected to the exploration of soil for water and nutrients during drought periods. 42 In Petri dish bioassays, where the water content is not a limiting factor and the nutrients are provided by the seeds, BC could have possibly promoted the investment of carbon in the shoots rather than the roots. This would explain the improved shoot and reduced radical length for all BC.…”

Section: Effects On the Germination Of Cress Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source and Biological Response of Biochar Organic Compounds Released into Water; Relationships with Bio-Oil Composition and Carbonization Degree

Ghidotti

Fabbri

Mašek

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) were extracted from corn stalk biochar produced at increasing pyrolysis temperatures (350-650 °C) and from the corresponding vapors, collected as bio-oil. WSOCs were characterized by gas chromatography (semivolatile fraction), negative electron spray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (hydrophilic fraction) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The pattern of semivolatile WSOCs in bio-oil was dominated by aromatic products from lignocellulose, while in biochar was featured by saturated carboxylic acids from hemi/cellulose and lipids with concentrations decreasing with decreasing H/C ratios. Hydrophilic species in poorly carbonized biochar resembled those in bio-oil, but the increasing charring intensity caused a marked reduction in the molecular complexity and degree of aromaticity. Differences in the fluorescence spectra were attributed to the predominance of fulvic acid-like structures in biochar and lignin-like moieties in bio-oil. The divergence between pyrolysis vapors and biochar in the distribution of WSOCs with increasing carbonization was explained by the hydrophobic carbonaceous matrix acting like a filter favoring the release into water of carboxylic and fulvic acid-like components. The formation of these structures was confirmed in biochar produced by pilot plant pyrolysis units. Biochar affected differently shoot and root length of cress seedlings in germination tests highlighting its complex role on plant growth.

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“…Moreover, this seasonal fine root growth is of different magnitude and type (i.e., longitudinal and radial) depending on the diameter class considered. Yet, in turn, seasonal changes in water availability (Amendola et al 2017) and nutrient concentration (Zobel et al 2007) change the mean diameter size of the fine root population. These studies support the assertion of Pregitzer (2002) that the traditional view of treating all fine roots of trees as a homogeneous population is deeply flawed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated method for high-resolution definition of new diameter-based fine root sub-classes of Fagus sylvatica L.

Montagnoli

Terzaghi

Giussani

et al. 2018

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Compared to the traditional approach, applying micrometric image analysis to fine root samples of Fagus sylvatica with subsequent data treatment through principal component and cluster analysis yielded specific diameter sizes for fine root sub-classes having better resolution of the corresponding branching orders, and a more coherent relationship with the values of annual production and turnover rate. & Context Fine root traits are poorly understood, impeding an accurate representation of terrestrial biogeochemical models. Traditionally used, arbitrary diameter thresholds lead to a misestimation of fine root traits such as branching order, environmental relationship, annual production, and turnover rate. & Aims Here, we present, as modification of the traditional method, an integrated approach to segregate, at high-resolution, fine root populations of Fagus sylvatica into new diameter sub-classes that better correspond with the traits mentioned above. & Methods Samples, collected with a sequential soil coring method, were subjected to a micrometric image analysis, and resultant data were treated with principal component and cluster analysis. & Results Results showed that fine roots were distributed into diameter-size sub-classes (0-0.3 mm, 0.3-1 mm, and 1-2 mm) different from those determined by traditional methods (0-0.5 mm, 0.5-1 mm, and 1-2 mm). New sub-classes provided a better resolution of the corresponding branching-orders, and the values of annual production and turnover rate were more coherent with diameter class and soil depth. Moreover, new sub-classes provided a more precise match with soil temperature than traditional methods. & Conclusion Our method may help to unveil fine root dynamics and development, reduce data analysis time, and make the diameter-based classification more precise and trustworthy even in the case of non-intact samples.

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Short-term effects of biochar on grapevine fine root dynamics and arbuscular mycorrhizae production

Cited by 71 publications

References 88 publications

Valorization of Vineyard By-Products to Obtain Composted Digestate and Biochar Suitable for Nursery Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Production

Valorization of Vineyard By-Products to Obtain Composted Digestate and Biochar Suitable for Nursery Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Production

Source and Biological Response of Biochar Organic Compounds Released into Water; Relationships with Bio-Oil Composition and Carbonization Degree

An integrated method for high-resolution definition of new diameter-based fine root sub-classes of Fagus sylvatica L.

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