Short-Term Effects of Atropine 0.01% on the Structure and Vasculature of the Choroid and Retina in Myopic Chinese Children

Wang, Yuliang; Zhu, Xingxue; Xuan, Yue; Wang, Min; Zhou, Xingtao; Qu, Xiaomei

doi:10.1007/s40123-022-00476-0

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Wang et al, studied the short-term effect of LDA and reported that 0.01% LDA showed an approximate increase of 20 μm in choroidal thickness among Chinese myopic children. 12 These researchers also reported that none of the other retinal structures were affected by LDA 0.01% treatment. 12 Hence, it is important to identify a potential biomarker to differentiate between responders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Measurement of sub-foveal choroidal thickness from optical low coherence reflectometry biometry: a new method

Muthusamy

Balaji²,

Patiala³

et al. 2023

Ophthalmic Technologies XXXIII

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It is estimated that by the year 2050, approximately 50.0 % of the world's population will be myopic. It has been suggested that the thickening sub-foveal choroidal thickness (SFChT) is a precursor for reduced eye growth and slowed myopia progression. Hence, it is highly important to identify structural changes, during myopia management. Literature suggests that the SFChT show short-term changes and has been proposed as an ocular marker for many ocular conditions including pathological myopia. A major limitation to its use is that none of the commercially available instruments give a direct measure of SFChT. This paper describes a new semi-automated method for quantification of the SFChT using ocular biometry. This image processing method is used on healthy pediatric myopes to quantify the SFChT. Both axial length (AXL) and SFChT were quantified from a 2-D A-scan graph generated from an ocular biometer (ARGOS, Aichi, Japan). An experienced clinician manually selected three peak points corresponding to anterior corneal, retinal, and choroidal peaks which were used as the input to the algorithm. Using the pixel properties, the overall AXL was calculated by subtracting the distance between the anterior corneal and retinal peak. Similarly, the SFChT was calculated as the distance difference between retinal and choroidal peaks. These calculated values were compared with a standard clinical method. The intraclass correlation coefficient ICC showed a good (κ=0.79, CI: 0.63 -0.87) agreement between the methods. Similarly, the Bland-Altman plot showed a good agreement (The mean difference between the two methods was -21.28 μm) with a wide limit of agreement (LOA: 79.08 & -121.64 μm). Compared to SS-OCT method and new-semi automated method, there is significant overestimation of SFChT (p<0.001). However, there is moderate agreement between these two methods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…12 These researchers also reported that none of the other retinal structures were affected by LDA 0.01% treatment. 12 Hence, it is important to identify a potential biomarker to differentiate between responders. It has been proposed that increased SFChT can be used as a biomarker in assessing LDA outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Measurement of sub-foveal choroidal thickness from optical low coherence reflectometry biometry: a new method

Muthusamy

Balaji²,

Patiala³

et al. 2023

Ophthalmic Technologies XXXIII

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“…Choroid is involved in myopia development because its thickness determines the position of the retina and it produces factors for eye growth and sclera remodeling [37]. Atropine administration at low concentrations (between 0.01 % and 0.05 %) increased choroid thickness in children [38,39] and adults [40], contributing to the recovery of the myopic defect.…”

Section: Exploitation Of Plant Alkaloids In Ophthalmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Diseases: When the Solution Comes from Plant Alkaloids

Lorrai,

Cavaterra,

Giammaria

et al. 2024

Planta Med

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Plants are an incredible source of metabolites showing a wide range of biological activities. Among these, there are the alkaloids, which have been exploited for medical purposes since ancient times. Nowadays, many plant-derived alkaloids are the main component of drugs used as therapy for different human diseases. This review deals with providing an overview of the alkaloids used to treat eye diseases describing the historical outline, the plants from which they are extracted and the clinical and molecular data supporting their therapeutic activity. Among the different alkaloids that have found application in medicine so far, atropine and pilocarpine are the most characterized ones. Conversely, caffeine and berberine have been proposed for the treatment of different eye disorders, but further studies still are necessary to fully understand their clinical value. Lastly, the alkaloid used for managing hypertension, reserpine, has been recently identified as a potential drug for ameliorating retinal disorders. Other important aspects discussed in this review are different solutions for alkaloid production. Given that the industrial production of many of the plant-derived alkaloids still relies on extraction from plants and the chemical synthesis can be highly expensive and poorly efficient, alternative methods need to be found. Biotechnologies offer a multitude of possibilities to overcome these issues, spanning from genetic engineering, synthetic biology for microorganisms and bioreactors for plant cell cultures. However, further efforts are needed to completely satisfy the pharmaceutical demand.

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“…Jiang [42] second Meta-analysis [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] . The demographic and clinical characteristics of the included articles are summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Choroidal Thickness At Other Positions In Myopic Eyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of the included cohort studies was generally high according to NOS. Effect of atropine on the thickness of the choroidal in children with myopia This Meta-analysis was performed for 6 of 11 eligible studies including 379 myopic children [48][49][50][51][53][54] . There were 281 participants who received 0.01% atropine as myopia control intervention and 98 participants in 1 study received 1% atropine for myopia control.…”

Section: Choroidal Thickness At Other Positions In Myopic Eyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal thickness, myopia, and myopia control interventions in children: a Meta-analysis and systemic review

Meng¹,

Liang²,

Wu³

et al. 2023

Int J Ophthalmol

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AIM: To investigate changes of choroidal thickness (ChT) in children with myopia and the effect of current myopia control interventions on ChT. METHODS: Major literature databases were searched for studies relevant to myopia in children. All studies used swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) or enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) to measure the ChT value. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled to evaluate ChT in myopia children. RESULTS: A total of 11 eligible articles, including 1693 myopic and 1132 non-myopic eyes, were included in the first Meta-analysis. The sub-foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT; WMD=-40.06, 95%CI, -59.36 to -20.75, P<0.001) and ChT at other sectors were significantly thinner in myopic eyes compared with the non-myopic eyes. The Meta-analysis revealed that the ChT decreased horizontally from the temporal sector toward the nasal sector in the pediatric myopia population. Another 11 studies reporting the effect of myopia control interventions were included in the second Meta-analysis for the relationship between myopia control treatments and ChT. SFCT significantly increased after orthokeratology (OK) treatment and OK combined with 0.01% atropine (OKA) treatment (WMD=19.47, 95%CI, 15.96 to 22.98, P<0.001; WMD=21.81, 95%CI, 12.92 to 29.70, P<0.001, respectively). The forest plots showed that SFCT changed little in myopic children receiving 0.01% atropine (P=0.30). Furthermore, the Meta-analysis showed that OK treatment had a stronger effect on the value of SFCT in myopic children as compared with 0.01% atropine (WMD=9.86; 95%CI, -0.21 to 19.93, P=0.05). There is no difference between the treatment with OK and OKA treatment in ChT in myopic children (P=0.37). CONCLUSION: The ChT in myopic eyes is thinner than that in non-myopic eyes in pediatric population. Myopia control interventions including OK and OKA lead to ChT thickening, but other treatments such as 0.01% atropine did not show an increase in ChT.

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Short-Term Effects of Atropine 0.01% on the Structure and Vasculature of the Choroid and Retina in Myopic Chinese Children

Cited by 15 publications

References 79 publications

Measurement of sub-foveal choroidal thickness from optical low coherence reflectometry biometry: a new method

Measurement of sub-foveal choroidal thickness from optical low coherence reflectometry biometry: a new method

Eye Diseases: When the Solution Comes from Plant Alkaloids

Choroidal thickness, myopia, and myopia control interventions in children: a Meta-analysis and systemic review

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