Short-term effects and economic burden assessment of ambient air pollution on hospitalizations for schizophrenia

Ji, Yanhu; Liu, Bin; Song, Jian; Pan, Rubing; Cheng, Jian; Wang, Heng; Su, Hong

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-19026-z

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…SO2 pollutant, in particular, was strongly associated with the examined endpoint. Females and individuals under age 45 were more susceptible to air pollution ( 39 ).…”

Section: Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Tota,

Karska,

Kowalski

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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Environmental pollution exposures, including air, soil, water, light, and noise pollution, are critical issues that may implicate adverse mental health outcomes. Extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods, wildfires, and droughts, may also cause long-term severe concerns. However, the knowledge about possible psychiatric disorders associated with these exposures is currently not well disseminated. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions on mental health, focusing on anxiety spectrum disorders, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and depression. In air pollution studies, increased concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 were the most strongly associated with the exacerbation of anxiety, schizophrenia, and depression symptoms. We provide an overview of the suggested underlying pathomechanisms involved. We highlight that the pathogenesis of environmental pollution-related diseases is multifactorial, including increased oxidative stress, systematic inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and epigenetic dysregulation. Light pollution and noise pollution were correlated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, the impact of soil and water pollution is discussed. Such compounds as crude oil, heavy metals, natural gas, agro-chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers), polycyclic or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), solvents, lead (Pb), and asbestos were associated with detrimental impact on mental health. Extreme weather conditions were linked to depression and anxiety spectrum disorders, namely PTSD. Several policy recommendations and awareness campaigns should be implemented, advocating for the advancement of high-quality urbanization, the mitigation of environmental pollution, and, consequently, the enhancement of residents’ mental health.

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“…SO2 pollutant, in particular, was strongly associated with the examined endpoint. Females and individuals under age 45 were more susceptible to air pollution ( 39 ).…”

Section: Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Tota,

Karska,

Kowalski

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Table 1 details the baseline characteristics of the 11 studies in the meta-analysis. [4,14,15,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Seven of the 11 studies were undertaken in China (one included 3 sub-studies [22] ), 2 in the USA, and 2 in South Korea. Most of these studies were performed in a time-series design (n = 9), and the remaining 2 used a case-crossover design, while the sample size of these studies ranged from 3218 to 649,052.…”

Section: Literature Retrieval and Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies reported a positive correlation between them, [ 4 , 14 ] and others found no association. [ 15 , 16 ] We, therefore, performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of original research articles to further clarify the potential associations between NO 2 exposure and schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and hospital admission for schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xu,

Lan,

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Background: Ambient air pollution has been identified as a primary risk factor for mental disorders. In recent years, the relationship between exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the risk of hospital admissions (HAs) for schizophrenia has garnered increasing scientific interest, but evidence from epidemiological studies has been inconsistent. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to comprehensively identify potential correlations. Methods: A literature search in 3 international databases was conducted before December 31, 2022. Relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the associations. Summary effect sizes were calculated using a random-effects model due to the expected heterogeneity (I 2 over 50%). Results: A total of ten eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis, including 1,412,860 participants. The pooled analysis found that an increased risk of HAs for schizophrenia was associated with exposure to each increase of 10 μg/m3 in NO2 (RR = 1.029, 95% CI = 1.016–1.041, P < .001). However, the heterogeneity was high for the summary estimates, reducing the credibility of the evidence. In 2-pollutant models, results for NO2 increased by 0.3%, 0.2% and 2.3%, respectively, after adjusting for PM2.5, PM10 and SO2. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that NO2 exposure significantly increases the risk of hospital admission for schizophrenia. Future studies are required to clarify the potential biological mechanism between schizophrenia and NO2 exposure to provide a more definitive result.

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“…Although air quality in Shandong had been improving in recent years, heavy pollution events were still common in some cities (24)(25)(26). At present, only a few developed cites in Shandong have publicly reported the health risk of PM 2.5 , such as Jinan and Qingdao (27,28). There was not any accurate data on the health cost of PM 2.5 pollution for the whole Shandong Province.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s air quality improvement strategy may already be having a positive effect: evidence based on health risk assessment

Xu,

Zhang,

Shi

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Aiming to investigate the health risk impact of PM2.5 pollution on a heavily populated province of China. The exposure response function was used to assess the health risk of PM2.5 pollution. Results shows that the total number of premature deaths and diseases related to PM2.5 pollution in Shandong might reach 159.8 thousand people based on the new WHO (2021) standards. The health effects of PM2.5 pollution were more severe in men than in women. Five of the 16 cities in Shandong had higher health risks caused by PM2.5 pollution, including LinYi, HeZe, JiNing, JiNan, and WeiFang. PM2.5 pollution resulted in nearly 7.4 billions dollars in healthy economic cost, which accounted for 0.57% of GDP in Shandong in 2021. HeZe, LiaoCheng, ZaoZhuang, and LinYi were the cities where the health economic loss was more than 1% of the local GDP, accounted for 1.30, 1.26, 1.08, and 1.04%. Although the more rigorous assessment criteria, the baseline concentration was lowered by 30 μg/m3 compared to our previous study, there was no significant increase in health risks and economic losses. China’s air quality improvement strategy may already be having a positive effect.

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Short-term effects and economic burden assessment of ambient air pollution on hospitalizations for schizophrenia

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

The association between short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and hospital admission for schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

China’s air quality improvement strategy may already be having a positive effect: evidence based on health risk assessment

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