Short-Term Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Carbon Mineralization during Corn Residue Decomposition in Soil

Jesmin, Tanjila; Mitchell, D; Mulvaney, R. L.

doi:10.3390/nitrogen2040030

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…These opposing effects reveal the importance of soil N supply to the mineralization of a highly carbonaceous residue, as more extensive NO 3 − assimilation in the LNS due to limited NH 4 + supply would have stimulated microbial C utilization as an energy source (Myrold & Posavatz, 2007). Owing to the microbial preference for NH 4 + over NO 3 − (Jansson et al., 1955; Recous et al., 1990; Rice & Tiedje, 1989) and consistent with previous studies (Miller & Schmidt, 1963; Tesařová, 1971; Úlehlová, 1966), CO 2 production in the first month of incubation was significantly greater for both soils when residue was applied with AS instead of PN; however, the opposite trend was observed in the second month (Figure 3) due to substrate depletion (Jesmin et al., 2021).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The fundamental role of cellulase in C mineralization is apparent from strong correlations between cellulase activity and CO 2 production that have been obtained in several incubation studies (e.g., Geissler & Horwath, 2009; Jesmin et al., 2021; Luo et al., 2019). Likewise, highly significant ( p < 0.0001) correlations were found in the present investigation for the HNS ( r = 0.93) and LNS ( r = 0.90).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil moisture content for all treatments was subsequently adjusted to 50% WHC using the Dosimat, 3 treatment‐specific specimen containers for each soil (total of 28) were weighed to allow periodic addition of water to replace evaporative losses, and the entire set of specimen containers was transferred to 336 1.9‐L wide‐mouth Mason jars. A total of 36 of these jars, selected to obtain triplicate samples representing each soil‐treatment combination, and 3 empty jars used for determination of ambient CO 2 , were sealed using lids modified for atmospheric sampling with a pair of ball valves (Jesmin et al., 2021), and the remaining 300 jars were sealed with standard lids. A 60‐day incubation in darkness was initiated after returning all jars to the constant‐temperature room noted previously.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residue‐ and nitrogen‐induced carbon mineralization varies with soil fertility status

Jesmin

Mulvaney

Boutton

2023

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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By increasing the input of corn (Zea mays L.) residues, synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilization is often assumed to enhance soil storage of organic carbon (C), which could be especially beneficial for improving the fertility of depleted soils. To ascertain whether such a strategy can be effective, C mineralization was compared for two soils with different indigenous N contents by conducting a 60-day laboratory incubation experiment that involved continuous monitoring of CO 2 emissions with periodic sampling for atmospheric δ 13 C analysis and for determination of soil microbial biomass and cellulolytic enzyme activities. The addition of exogenous N had a stimulatory effect on cumulative CO 2 production that was greater for the low than high N supplying soil and more prominent in the first than in the second month of incubation. During residue decomposition, microbial activities were maximized by incubating the low N soil with exogenous N, whereas cellulolytic enzyme activities were greater for the high N soil. Although intensive N fertilization can substantially increase the productivity of low-fertility soils, the additional residue inputs thereby generated are more effective for promoting C mineralization than sequestration.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residue‐ and nitrogen‐induced carbon mineralization varies with soil fertility status

Jesmin

Mulvaney

Boutton

2023

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Soil carbon concentration was similar in fertilized plots compared to unfertilized plots. In contrast, previous studies found an initial increase in soil carbon due to fertilization (Jesmin et al 2021, Maltas et al 2018. While nutrient addition did not influence soil carbon concentration, wetter soil conditions were associated with higher soil carbon content.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Long-term fertilization modifies the composition of slow-growing oligotrophs more than fast-growing copiotrophs in a nutrient poor coastal plain wetland

Walker

Stephens

Garcia

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Wetland ecosystems are known for their carbon storage potential due to slow decomposition rates and high carbon fixation rates. However, nutrient addition from human activities affects this carbon storage capacity as the balance of fixed and respired carbon shifts due to plant and microbial communities. Ongoing atmospheric deposition of nutrients could be changing wetland plant-microbe interactions in ways that tip the balance from carbon storage to loss. Therefore, examining microbial community patterns in response to nutrient enrichment is important to understanding nutrient effects on carbon storage potential. In this study, we hypothesized that fertilization of a low nutrient ecosystem leads to increased organic carbon input from plant biomass into the soil and results in increased soil bacterial diversity and modifications to soil bacterial community composition. As such, increased soil nutrients and carbon resources provide more energy to support increased microbial growth rates, which can result in wetland carbon losses. To test this hypothesis, we used bacterial community-level and soil chemical data from the long-term wetland ecology experiment at the East Carolina University West Research Campus (established in 2003). Specifically, we examined the extent that long-term effects of nutrient enrichment affect wetland microbial communities and plant biomass, which are factors that can affect carbon storage. We collected soil cores from fertilized and unfertilized test plots. We extracted genomic DNA from soil samples and conducted 16S rRNA targeted amplicon sequencing to characterize the bacterial community composition. In addition, we measured plant above and belowground biomass and soil carbon content. Results revealed an increase in aboveground plant biomass, soil carbon, and bacterial diversity. In contrast, belowground plant biomass and microbial biomass were similar in fertilized and unfertilized plots. To further examine bacterial community changes to nutrient enrichment, we compared the relative abundance of fast growing copiotrophic and slow growing oligotrophic bacteria of a subset of taxa putatively identified as belonging to either life history strategy. These taxa-level results revealed a decrease in oligotroph relative abundance and little to no change in copiotroph relative abundance of a subset of bacterial taxa. If there is a community-wide shift in the proportion of oligotroph to copiotroph life history strategies, this would have a negative impact on organic carbon storage since oligotrophic bacteria respire less carbon than copiotrophic bacteria over the same amount of time. Taken together, this study provided evidence that long-term nutrient enrichment influences wetland soils in ways that decrease their carbon storage potential of important carbon sinks.

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“…In addition, FR mineralization might not be limited by N availability. In fact, N availability as a sum of soil and ∆DON as percentage of added residue dried matter indicated that all FR had values above the threshold of 1.2% indicated by Jesmin et al [50] and Henriksen et al [51] for the reduction of residue decomposability due to N deficiency. When N availability is not a limiting factor, as in the present study, the C/N ratio of residues is not a driving factor of residue decomposition [46].…”

Section: Modeling C and N Mineralization Of Bgb Decomposition In The ...mentioning

confidence: 88%

Short-Term Mineralization of Belowground Biomass of Perennial Biomass Crops after Reversion to Arable Land

Ferrarini

Martani

Mondini³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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Little is known about the effect of perennial biomass crops (PBCs) removal on soil C dynamics. The belowground biomass (BGB) that is composed by plant belowground organs (PBO) such as rhizomes in the herbaceous PBCs and stumps in woody PBCs should be considered, together with fine roots (FR), as a huge input of exogenous organic matter (EOM) that is incorporated into the soil at the reversion. In this study, we mimic the incorporation of BGB of PBCs through a soil-residues incubation under controlled conditions to investigate the effects of adding FR and PBO (at real field rates) on soil C and N mineralization dynamics, and to understand decomposition controlling factors. A modified RothC model version, encompassing a better description of decomposable (DEOM) and resistant (REOM) pools, was fitted to C mineralization curves of respiration measured by CO2 evolution in incubated soil to quantify partitioning factors and decomposition rates of PBCs BGB components. After 1 month, PBO showed higher mineralization rates (498 µg CO2-C gsoil−1) than FR (196 µg CO2-C gsoil−1), with black locust having the highest amount of C respired (38% of added C). The emission peak occurred within 3 days from the beginning of the experiment for PBO and after 1 day for FR. Generally, according to the modified version of RothC model, PBO had higher proportion of REOM than FR, except for black locust. The decomposition constant rates from the optimized RothC model were higher for PBO (kDEOM: 20.9 y−1, kREOM: 12.1 y−1) than FR (kDEOM: 0.4 y−1, kREOM: 0.1 y−1), indicating that FR are less decomposable than PBO. The C/N ratio is not the main controlling factor of decomposition when residue N is not a limiting factor, while the availability of easily decomposable substrates (DEOM/REOM ratio) and cell-wall composition decomposition is a strong predictor of C and N mineralization of these EOM types. The explicit inclusion of crop-specific DEOM/REOM ratios within RothC or a similar soil C model will help to improve the predictions of long-term C sequestration trajectories (half-life > 30 years) associated with PBCs cultivation, especially when dismission of such perennial cropping systems is addressed.

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Short-Term Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Carbon Mineralization during Corn Residue Decomposition in Soil

Cited by 10 publications

References 97 publications

Residue‐ and nitrogen‐induced carbon mineralization varies with soil fertility status

Residue‐ and nitrogen‐induced carbon mineralization varies with soil fertility status

Long-term fertilization modifies the composition of slow-growing oligotrophs more than fast-growing copiotrophs in a nutrient poor coastal plain wetland

Short-Term Mineralization of Belowground Biomass of Perennial Biomass Crops after Reversion to Arable Land

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