Short-term changes in histomorphometric and biochemical turnover markers and bone mineral density in estrogen- and/or dietary calcium-deficient rats

Shen, Victor; Birchman, R.; Xu, Rongyao; Lindsay, Robert; Dempster, David W.

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(95)80026-m

Cited by 88 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A previous study reported that BMD levels and urinary calcium concentration were calcium intake-dependent, namely a 0.02-0.3% low calcium diet induced a low BMD and low urinary calcium concentration (12,22), whereas a 1.0-3.0% high calcium intake induced high BMD and high urinary calcium concentration (6,23). In this study, we gave a different calcium diet for the rats according to those previous studies to cause different BMD levels in each group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, we did not evaluate the calcium-regulating factor, namely 1,25(OH)2D and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Previous study reported that OVX and/or low calcium intake altered these factors in vivo (6,22). However, the relationship between salivary calcium levels and calcium regulating factor was unclear, although it was considered that these factors would have been altered by OVX and/or calcium intake restrictions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common type of osteoporosis is the postmenopausal bone loss associated with ovarian hormone deficiency and dietary low calcium intake (4)(5)(6). Estrogen controls the balance between bone formation and resorption (7,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

Hattori

Agata

Park

et al. 2014

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary It has not yet been examined whether salivary calcium levels reflect changes in bone mass. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between salivary calcium concentration and differences in bone mineral density due to estrogen deficiency and/or different calcium intake levels in female rats. In Experiment 1, the animals (n514) were divided into an ovariectomized group (OVX) (n58, 0.6% calcium diet) and a shamoperated group (Sham) (n56, 0.6% calcium diet). The bone mineral density (BMD) levels of the tibia and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the OVX group than in the Sham group (p,0.001 and p,0.01, respectively), whereas there was no significant difference in the salivary calcium concentration between the two groups. In Experiment 2, after an ovariectomy operation, the animals (n542) were randomized into five groups that received 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.6%, 1.2%, and 2.4% calcium diets (n510, 10, 6, 8, and 8, respectively). The BMD levels of the tibia and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the 0.01% or 0.1% calcium diet intake groups than in the 0.6%, 1.2%, 2.4% calcium diet intake groups (all p,0.001), whereas there were no differences in the salivary calcium concentration among the groups. In conclusion, the salivary calcium level did not change during periods of decreasing BMD and bone strength induced by estrogen deficiency and/or calcium intake restrictions in female rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

Hattori

Agata

Park

et al. 2014

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…This is the usual dosage for 17b-estradiol treatment of osteopenia in estrogen deficient animals. 12,13) In addition, a single dosage of osthole had no effect on osteopenia due to estrogen deficiency (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Osthole on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Using Ovariectomized Rats; Comparison to the Effects of Estradiol.

Hara

Matsumiya

2002

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Osthole (7-methoxy-8[3-methylpent 2-enyl]coumarin), a plant coumarin compound, is extracted from a Chinese herb Cnidium monnieri (L.) CUSS which has been used since ancient times in China as a tonic and aphrodisiac. It was reported that castrated mouse received subcutaneous injections of an alcoholic extract of Cnidium monnieri (L.) CUSS once a day for 21 d, the copulation period appeared, 1) this suggests that this alcoholic extract (including osthole) may have the estrogen-related activities. It has also been found that both total coumarins and osthole, extracted from Cnidium monnieri (L.) CUSS, have the positive effects on bone loss due to ovariectomy in rats, 2,3) where cancellous bone histomorphometric variables in tibiae were preserved. However, even in animal experiments, little is known about the effects of osthole on other skeletal sites or other indices of bone metabolism such as biochemical markers of bone turnover, bone mechanical testing, etc.Ovariectomy induced bone loss in rats and postmenopausal bone loss in humans share many similar characteristics, and similar skeletal response to therapy with 17b-estradiol. 4,5) These similarities are strong evidence that the ovariectomized (OVX) rat bone loss model is suitable for studying the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal bone loss. Furthermore, the femoral neck of OVX rats, is a more clinically relevant sample site than other skeletal sites (i.e., proximal tibia) for preclinical testing of new therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of osteopenia. [6][7][8] The purpose of this study was to examine whether osthole has positive effects on bone loss due to OVX using the femoral neck of OVX rats; and, if so, whether osthole functions at the tissue level in a manner similar to 17b-estradiol. MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental Protocols Twenty-four 3-month-old virgin female Wistar rats (220Ϯ12 g, Charles River Inc. Tokyo, Japan) were used for the experiment. The animals were kept for 5 d before the onset of the experiment to acclimatize to our laboratory conditions (the room temperature was 25°C with a 12 h/12 h light/dark cycle), then 18 rats were OVX and 6 rats were sham-operated under anesthesia with intraperitoneal (IP) injection of sodium pentobarbital at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight. After operation, rats were kept in separate cages and fed standard diet before being sacrificed. To prevent hyperphagia associated with ovariectomy, the OVX rats were pair-fed to the mean intake of those in the sham group.9) All rats were allowed free access to drinking ion-exchanged distilled water for the duration of the whole experiment.All rats were untreated for 2 weeks after surgery and divided into four groups (6 rats per group). The first group was sham-operated upon and received solvent vehicle (97% corn oil and 3% ethanol, 1.0 ml/kg). Groups 2 to 4 were OVX. Group 2 received solvent vehicle (same the sham rats), Group 3 received 17b-estradiol (Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) 30 mg/kg and Group 4 received osthole (Wako Pure Chem...

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“…Therefore the study of this field could be important. Animal experiments with unloaded and immobilized models reported decreases in bone mass 7,10,11) . Thus, external loaded stimulations affect bone as theorized by Wolff's law, and it is expected that the stimulation of exercise reduces the degree of bone loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Physical Activity on Bone in Ovariectomized Mice.

et al. 2000

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Abstract. The effects of physical activity, treadmill running, on bone of ovariectomized mice were investigated. Forty 12-week-old female ICR mice were used. They were ovariectomized (OVX) or shamoperated (SHAM) and half of them were run on a treadmill at 16 m/min, 5 days/week for 6 weeks (Ex). All animals were sacrificed at week 12 after operation. Mechanical strength of the left femur and tibia were measured by the three-point bending strength test. The bones were dried, weighed and burned to ash. Mechanical strength and ash content of the femur and tibia in Ex group were significantly higher than those of control animals. Also mechanical strength of femur and tibia in OVX/Ex were not different from SHAM/Cont mice. Physical activity, treadmill running, thus affected inhibition of bone loss and maintenance of bone mass. It is necessary to continue this basic study to determine effective modes of physical activity.

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Short-term changes in histomorphometric and biochemical turnover markers and bone mineral density in estrogen- and/or dietary calcium-deficient rats

Cited by 88 publications

References 37 publications

The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

Effects of Osthole on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Using Ovariectomized Rats; Comparison to the Effects of Estradiol.

Effect of the Physical Activity on Bone in Ovariectomized Mice.

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