Short-term and long-term role of platelet activating factor as a mediator of in vivo platelet aggregation.

Golino, P; Ambrosio, Giuseppe; Ragni, Maurizio; Pascucci, I; Triggiani, Massimo; Oriente, Alfonso; McNatt, J; Buja, L. Maximilian; Condorelli, M; Chiariello, Massimo

doi:10.1161/01.cir.88.3.1205

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…PAF was identified initially as a lipid mediator of anaphylaxis which was able to induce aggregation and release of mediators, particularly thromboxanes and serotonin, from human platelets [32,33]. PAF in the heart can be released not only by mast cells but also by basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils and tissue macrophages [33,34].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Effects Of Pafmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergy and the cardiovascular system

Triggiani

Patella²,

Staiano

et al. 2008

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

Self Cite

154

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe most dangerous and life-threatening manifestation of allergic diseases is anaphylaxis, a condition in which the cardiovascular system is responsible for the majority of clinical symptoms and for potentially fatal outcome. The heart is both a source and a target of chemical mediators released during allergic reactions. Mast cells are abundant in the human heart, where they are located predominantly around the adventitia of large coronary arteries and in close contact with the small intramural vessels. Cardiac mast cells can be activated by a variety of stimuli including allergens, complement factors, general anesthetics and muscle relaxants. Mediators released from immunologically activated human heart mast cells strongly influence ventricular function, cardiac rhythm and coronary artery tone. Histamine, cysteinyl leukotrienes and platelet-activating factor (PAF) exert negative inotropic effects and induce myocardial depression that contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of anaphylactic shock. Moreover, cardiac mast cells release chymase and renin that activates the angiotensin system locally, which further induces arteriolar vasoconstriction. The number and density of cardiac mast cells is increased in patients with ischaemic heart disease and dilated cardiomyopathies. This observation may help explain why these conditions are major risk factors for fatal anaphylaxis. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in cardiac mast cell activation may lead to an improvement in prevention and treatment of systemic anaphylaxis.

show abstract

Section: Cardiovascular Effects Of Pafmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergy and the cardiovascular system

Triggiani

Patella²,

Staiano

et al. 2008

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

Self Cite

154

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Platelets from various species including human, have been activated and aggregated by PAF [76][77][78]. Platelet aggregation is mediated by 'inside-out' integrin αΙΙbβ3 signaling and consequent binding of fibrinogen [79] suggesting that the PAF receptor is linked to this prothrombotic intracellular pathway.…”

Section: Effects Of Paf On Cells Implicated In Atherosclerosis 421 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet activating factor — a molecular link between atherosclerosis theories

Demopoulos

Karantonis

Antonopoulou

2003

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

153

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The most common causes of death in westernized societies remain heart disease and stroke. For this reason the prevention of atherosclerosis is a major objective of modern medicine. Platelet‐Activating Factor (PAF, 1‐O‐alkyl‐2‐acetyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine) is a crucial mediator in the inflammatory response. PAF is synthesized by several types of cells, including platelets, monocytes, macrophages, foam cells and endothelial cells upon activation. Many experimental data reveal that atherogenic activities of oxidized LDLs can be attributed to PAF and PAF‐like lipids, which render these molecules the initiators of atherosclerosis.Several theories have been formulated for atherosclerosis. The purpose of this review is to highlight the significance of PAF and PAF‐like lipids during the early stages of atherosclerosis. Secondly to link the biological action of PAF molecules to the most accepted, current hypotheses of atherosclerosis. Thirdly to propose a mechanism for the initiation and propagation of atherosclerosis by PAF.The mechanism we propose offers a new biochemical approach and may help to explains the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet. Mediterranean foods contain a significant number of lipid‐like components with anti‐PAF action in vitro. The comsumption of PAF antagonist from Mediterranian foods inhibits the development of atherosclerosis. Such observations suggest that our hypothesis serves as a sound basis for further research.

show abstract

“…Apart from its potent ability to platelet activation [12], PAF has been found to modulate functions of other inflammatory and immune cells. PAF is capable of inducing histamine release from basophils [13,14], as well as activating mast cells [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet Activating Factor as a Mediator and Therapeutic Approach in Bronchial Asthma

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a potent phospholipid mediator involved in anaphylaxis and chronic inflammatory disorders, including bronchial asthma. PAF is able to act both, directly as a chemotactic factor and indirectly through the release of other inflammatory agents. Apart from its known potent ability to activate platelets, PAF influences other immune and inflammatory cells function involved in asthma, which may be of importance in the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, PAF administration can mimic some of abnormalities observed in asthma, including bronchoconstriction, bronchial hyper responsiveness, and gas exchange impairment, which may be mediated by leukotrienes acting as secondary mediators of some PAF effects. Therefore, there has been an extensive interest in the role of PAF in human asthma and major efforts have been continued to discover drugs acting thorough inhibition of PAF effects in the disease. Surprisingly, PAF receptor antagonists have not clearly proven their clinical benefits. It may appear that the combined blockage of PAF effects and other mediators involved in asthma is a way to improve clinical efficacy and also an interesting approach to control inflammation in the disease. This review will focus on two main issues: the role of PAF and PAF antagonists in asthma.

show abstract

Short-term and long-term role of platelet activating factor as a mediator of in vivo platelet aggregation.

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

Allergy and the cardiovascular system

Allergy and the cardiovascular system

Platelet activating factor — a molecular link between atherosclerosis theories

Platelet Activating Factor as a Mediator and Therapeutic Approach in Bronchial Asthma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About