Short-term adaptation of pancreatic hydrolases to nutritional and physiological stimuli in adult rats

Deschodt-Lanckman, M; Robberecht, Patrick; Camus, Jean Claude; Christophe, Jean

doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(71)80120-7

Cited by 72 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Values obtained under resting conditions seem to indicate an adaptation of pancreatic enzymes to the amount of fat in the diet similar to that described in the rat, because kids fed with milk (i.e., with a higher intake of fat), presented higher lipase and lower amylase activities than animals fed with the milk replacer (Bazin & Lavan, 1979). Furthermore, as in the rat, changes in amylase were inverse to those in lipase: amylase activity declined as the amount of dietary fat and lipase activity increased (Deschodt-Lanckman et al, 1971;Sabb et al, 1986;Wicker & Puigserver, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Exocrine Pancreatic Secretion in Suckling Goats. Adaptative Effects of Maternal Milk and a Milk Substitute

Naranjo‐Páramo

Mañas²,

Valverde³

et al. 1997

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Exocrine Pancreatic Secretion in Suckling Goats. Adaptative Effects of Maternal Milk and a Milk Substitute

Naranjo‐Páramo

Mañas²,

Valverde³

et al. 1997

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry

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“…The increased triglyceride levels seen in the fat-pretreated group probably reflect their increased capacity to absorb a large oral fat load. Deschodt-Lanckman et al [13] showed that pancreaticlipase activity in the rat is stimulated by a high fat diet. An increase in lipase activity in the fat-pretreated group of rats would result in an increase in the rate of absorption of the large oral triolein load.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pretreatment with a high fat diet on the gastric inhibitory polypeptide and insulin responses to oral triolein and glucose in rats

1983

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Summary.Male Wistar rats were pretreated with 3 ml triolein orally for 4 days in addition to their normal diet. A similar control group were allowed free access to normal laboratory food. When given an oral fat load (1 ml triolein) plasma gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the fat pretreated group. Inhibition of fat-stimulated GIP release by exogenous insulin was demonstrated in the untreated control group (plasma GIP: 663 +49 versus 853 + 92 ng/1, mean_+ SEM p < 0.025), but pretreatment with an oral fat load abolished this effect (plasma GIP: 1008+95 versus 1116+100ng/1, p NS). Plasma glucose levels were significantly higher in fat pretreated rats given oral fat and intraperitoneal insulin compared with untreated controls (plasma glucose nadir 2.6+0.48 versus 1.6+0.15 mmol/1, p< 0.05). Fat-pretreated rats showed significantly higher insulin and glucose levels compared with the untreated rats when given oral glucose (plasma insulin: 6.2 + 1.2 versus 2.5+0.59p~g/1, p<0.01; plasma glucose: 10.2+0.39 versus 8.9 _+ 0.41 mmol/1, p < 0.025). Pretreatment of rats on a high fat diet causes (1) increased GIP secretion in response to an oral fat load, (2) abolition of the feed-back inhibition of exogenous insulin on fat-stimulated GIP release, and (3) some degree of insulin resistance.

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“…In pigs, chymotrypsin and trypsin activity increased 2 days after switching from a protein-free diet to a 30% protein diet (Corring and Saucier, 1972). In rats, α-amylase activity tripled in 5 days after switching from a 0% starch diet to a 67% starch diet (Deschodt-Lanckman et al, 1971). It seems that enzymes adapt to a specific diet in 2 to 5 days, at least in omnivores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A titration approach to identify the capacity for starch digestion in milk-fed calves

Gilbert

Borne

Berends

et al. 2015

Animal

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Calf milk replacers (MR) commonly contain 40% to 50% lactose. For economic reasons, starch is of interest as a lactose replacer. Compared with lactose, starch digestion is generally low in calves. It is, however, unknown which enzyme limits the rate of starch digestion. The objectives were to determine which enzyme limits starch digestion and to assess the maximum capacity for starch digestion in milk-fed calves. A within-animal titration study was performed, where lactose was exchanged stepwise for one of four starch products (SP). The four corn-based SP differed in size and branching, therefore requiring different ratios of starch-degrading enzymes for their complete hydrolysis to glucose: gelatinised starch (α-amylase and (iso)maltase); maltodextrin ((iso)maltase and α-amylase); maltodextrin with α-1,6-branching (isomaltase, maltase and α-amylase) and maltose (maltase). When exceeding the animal's capacity to enzymatically hydrolyse starch, fermentation occurs, leading to a reduced faecal dry matter (DM) content and pH. Forty calves (13 weeks of age) were assigned to either a lactose control diet or one of four titration strategies (n = 8 per treatment), each testing the stepwise exchange of lactose for one SP. Dietary inclusion of each SP was increased weekly by 3% at the expense of lactose and faecal samples were collected from the rectum weekly to determine DM content and pH. The increase in SP inclusion was stopped when faecal DM content dropped below 10.6% (i.e. 75% of the average initial faecal DM content) for 3 consecutive weeks. For control calves, faecal DM content and pH did not change over time. For 87% of the SP-fed calves, faecal DM and pH decreased already at low inclusion levels, and linear regression provided a better fit of the data (faecal DM content or pH v. time) than non-linear regression. For all SP treatments, faecal DM content and pH decreased in time (P < 0.001) and slopes for faecal DM content and pH in time differed from CON; P < 0.001 for all SP), but did not differ between SP treatments. Faecal DM content of SP-fed calves decreased by 0.57% and faecal pH by 0.32 per week. In conclusion, faecal DM content and pH sensitively respond to incremental inclusion of SP in calf MR, independently of SP characteristics. All SP require maltase to achieve complete hydrolysis to glucose. We therefore suggest that maltase activity limits starch digestion and that fermentation may contribute substantially to total tract starch disappearance in milk-fed calves.Keywords: milk-fed calf, starch digestion, starch fermentation, maltose, maltodextrin ImplicationsCalf milk replacers commonly contain 40% to 50% lactose. Lactose is expensive compared with starch, but digestibility is lower for starch than for lactose. It is currently unknown which enzyme is rate limiting for starch digestion. The current study suggests that maltase limits starch digestion in milk-fed calves, indicating that a major part of the starch will undergo fermentation rather than enzymatic hydrolysis. This leads to a lower faecal q...

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Short-term adaptation of pancreatic hydrolases to nutritional and physiological stimuli in adult rats

Cited by 72 publications

References 22 publications

Exocrine Pancreatic Secretion in Suckling Goats. Adaptative Effects of Maternal Milk and a Milk Substitute

Exocrine Pancreatic Secretion in Suckling Goats. Adaptative Effects of Maternal Milk and a Milk Substitute

Effect of pretreatment with a high fat diet on the gastric inhibitory polypeptide and insulin responses to oral triolein and glucose in rats

A titration approach to identify the capacity for starch digestion in milk-fed calves

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