Short-term abstinence from alcohol and changes in cardiovascular risk factors, liver function tests and cancer-related growth factors: a prospective observational study

Mehta, Gautam; Macdonald, Stewart; Cronberg, Alexandra; Rosselli, Matteo; Khera-Butler, Tanya; Sumpter, Colin; Al-Khatib, Safa; Jain, A.; Maurice, James; Charalambous, Christos; Gander, Amir; Ju, Cynthia; Hakan, Talay; Sherwood, Roy; Nair, Devaki; Jalan, Rajiv; Moore, Kevin

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020673

Cited by 29 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…By analyzing the cardiovascular risk factors among the existing problem drinking groups according to changes in drinking behavior after a cancer diagnosis, we found associations between drinking and cardiovascular risk factors excluding FBS ( Table 2 ). The results do not differ from the findings of a previous study with 6,413 healthy Koreans that showed changes in SBP and DBP and an increase of FBS [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…The results do not differ from the findings of a previous study with 6,413 healthy Koreans that showed changes in SBP and DBP and an increase of FBS. 15) Although previous studies investigated cardiovascular risk factors and the causes of mortality according to specific cancer types, they were limited in terms of research on the effects of drinking behavior improvements after excessive alcohol consumption on CVD and mortality. A recent study of healthy people reported improvements in insulin resistance, blood pressure, and weight, and decreases in growth factors related to cancer after abstaining from drinking for 1 month.…”

Section: Association Between Drinking Behavior Changes and Cardiovascmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease according to Alcohol Behavioral Change after Cancer Diagnosis

et al. 2020

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Background: Problem drinking increases the incidence of all-cause mortality and specific cancers, and persistent drinking is associated with cardiovascular disease in certain cancer survivors. This study analyzed the cardiovascular risk factors before and after diagnosis in Korean cancer survivors. Methods: Data for the period between 2002 and 2013 were collected from the National Health Insurance Service Health-Examinee Cohort Database. Among the 27,835 patients included, those with moderate alcohol consumption before and after cancer diagnosis were excluded. Problem drinking was defined as males under 65 years consuming over 14 glasses a week, and males over 65 years or females consuming over seven glasses a week. A t-test, chi-square test, and linear regression analysis were performed for differences in cardiovascular risk factors and differences according to cancer types. Results: There was a difference in the body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol among patients who became moderate drinkers after diagnosis, but fasting blood glucose did not show any significant changes. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease were analyzed in patients with liver, stomach, rectal, and breast cancer with improved drinking behavior, and there were significant differences in body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and total cholesterol in stomach cancer patients. Conclusion: Moderate drinking can lower cardiovascular risk in cancer survivors, and among the many drinkingrelated cancers, stomach cancer patients demonstrated significantly reduced cardiovascular risk factors.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Association Between Drinking Behavior Changes and Cardiovascmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease according to Alcohol Behavioral Change after Cancer Diagnosis

et al. 2020

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“…In our study, reduction in alcohol consumption was associated with lower hazard of CVD events. Few studies have assessed changes in alcohol consumption and CVD incidence, although one study showed that short-term abstention from alcohol was associated with improvement in insulin resistance and CVD risk factors [30]. The mechanisms by which alcohol consumption impacts CVD risk remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in behaviors after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and 10-year incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality

Strelitz

Ahern

Long

et al. 2019

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background Large changes in health behaviors achieved through intensive lifestyle intervention programs improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among adults with type 2 diabetes. However, such interventions are not widely available, and there is limited evidence as to whether changes in behaviors affect risk of CVD events. Methods Among 852 adults with screen-detected type 2 diabetes in the ADDITION - Cambridge study, we assessed changes in diet, physical activity, and alcohol use in the year following diabetes diagnosis. Participants were recruited from 49 general practices in Eastern England from 2002 to 2006, and were followed through 2014 for incidence of CVD events (n = 116) and all-cause mortality (n = 127). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for the associations of changes in behaviors with CVD and all-cause mortality. We estimated associations with CVD risk factors using linear regression. We considered changes in individual behaviors and overall number of healthy changes. Models adjusted for demographic factors, bodyweight, smoking, baseline value of the health behavior, and cardio-protective medication use. Results Decreasing alcohol intake by ≥ 2 units/week was associated with lower hazard of CVD vs maintenance [HR: 0.56, 95% CI 0.36, 0.87]. Decreasing daily calorie intake by ≥ 300 kcal was associated with lower hazard of all-cause mortality vs maintenance [HR: 0.56, 95% CI 0.34, 0.92]. Achieving ≥ 2 healthy behavior changes was associated with lower hazard of CVD vs no healthy changes [HR: 0.39, 95% CI 0.18, 0.82]. Conclusions In the year following diabetes diagnosis, small reductions in alcohol use were associated with lower hazard of CVD and small reductions in calorie intake were associated with lower hazard of all-cause mortality in a population-based sample. Where insufficient resources exist for specialist-led interventions, achievement of moderate behavior change targets is possible outside of treatment programs and may reduce long-term risk of CVD complications. Trial registration This trial is registered as ISRCTN86769081. Retrospectively registered 15 December 2006 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-019-0902-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The 3 µg/dL threshold has been demonstrated to cause worse health outcomes in several studies [41][42][43]. The data were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, ethnicity, alcohol consumption, and smoking based on the literature [44][45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Disease among Individuals Exposed to Lead: A Pilot Study

Obeng-Gyasi

2020

Diseases

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Chronic stress and cardiovascular disease risk were explored in a predominately middle-aged adult population exposed to elevated lead levels in this cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the period 2007-2010. Elevated lead exposure was defined using the epidemiological threshold of a blood lead level (BLL) > 5 μg/dL as defined by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Allostatic load (AL), a measure of chronic stress, was operationalized using 10 clinical markers. The geometric mean values for clinical cardiovascular disease risk markers of interest (a) Gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT) (a marker of oxidative stress), and (b) non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-c) (a marker of cardiovascular disease risk) were explored among lead-exposed and less lead-exposed individuals with differential chronic stress (AL) levels. Associations between AL and GGT/non-HDL-C were analyzed using linear regression models. The likelihood of increased clinical markers in lead-exposed individuals with high compared to low AL was explored using binary logistic regression models. In analyzing lead-exposed as compared to less lead-exposed populations, the geometric mean of the variables of interest showed significant elevations among lead-exposed individuals as compared to less lead-exposed individuals. Simple linear regression revealed that AL was positively associated with the variables of interest among the lead-exposed. In binary logistic regression among the lead-exposed, those with high AL, as compared to those with low AL, had significantly higher odds of having elevated non-HDL-C. This study submits that those exposed to lead with increasing AL may experience adverse cardiovascular health outcomes.

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Short-term abstinence from alcohol and changes in cardiovascular risk factors, liver function tests and cancer-related growth factors: a prospective observational study

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease according to Alcohol Behavioral Change after Cancer Diagnosis

Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease according to Alcohol Behavioral Change after Cancer Diagnosis

Changes in behaviors after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and 10-year incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality

Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Disease among Individuals Exposed to Lead: A Pilot Study

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