Short sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: from pathophysiology to clinical evidence

Tobaldini, Eleonora; Fiorelli, Elisa Maria; Solbiati, Monica; Costantino, Giorgio; Nobili, Lino; Montano, Nicola

doi:10.1038/s41569-018-0109-6

Cited by 226 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…Social and cultural changes. In addition to physical inactivity and diet, the industrial revolution and modern era have ushered in changes in social interactions and sleep quality 59,91 that can promote SCI 149,150 and insulin resistance 151 , in turn increasing risk for obesity, type 2 diabetes, CVD and all-cause mortality [150][151][152][153][154] . Moreover, psychological stressors that are persistently present in some contemporary work environments, such as those characterized by high job demand and low control, can cause physiologic changes 155 that disrupt the ability for glucocorticoids to effectively down-regulate inflammatory activity due to decreased sensitivity caused by chronic elevation in cortisol, leading in turn to SCI and poor health 156 .…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span

Furman

Campisi

Verdin

et al. 2019

Nat Med

2,443

1,784

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ne of the most important medical discoveries of the past two decades has been that the immune system and inflammatory processes are involved in not just a few select disorders, but a wide variety of mental and physical health problems that dominate present-day morbidity and mortality worldwide 1-4. Indeed, chronic inflammatory diseases have been recognized as the most significant cause of death in the world today, with more than 50% of all deaths being attributable to inflammation-related diseases such as ischemic heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and autoimmune and neurodegenerative conditions 5. Evidence is emerging that the risk of developing chronic inflammation can be traced back to early development, and its effects are now known to persist throughout the life span to affect adulthood health and risk of mortality 6-8. In this Perspective, we describe these effects and outline some promising avenues for future research and intervention. Inflammation Inflammation is an evolutionarily conserved process characterized by the activation of immune and non-immune cells that protect the host from bacteria, viruses, toxins and infections by eliminating pathogens and promoting tissue repair and recovery 2,9. Depending on the degree and extent of the inflammatory response, including whether it is systemic or local, metabolic and neuroendocrine changes can occur to conserve metabolic energy and allocate more nutrients to the activated immune system 9-12. Specific biobehavioral effects of inflammation thus include a constellation of energysaving behaviors commonly known as "sickness behaviors, " such as

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Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span

Furman

Campisi

Verdin

et al. 2019

Nat Med

2,443

1,784

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some scholars have suggested that insomnia can be divided into two phenotypes based on objective sleep duration, namely, insomnia with short sleep duration and with normal sleep duration. The former is an important phenotype of insomnia and has more serious health hazards 3–9. At present, the treatment of insomnia tends to be biologically based (represented by benzodiazepine receptor agonists) and behaviourally based (represented by CBT-I).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the incidence of chronic insomnia in adults has become higher,1 and short sleepers are also showing an increasing trend 2. Studies have found that patients with insomnia accompanied by short sleep duration can cause many chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and hypertension,3–7 and may even result in inadequate hydration 8. Similarly, patients with insomnia with short sleep duration will have many adverse effects on their health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acupuncture for insomnia with short sleep duration: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Yang

et al. 2020

BMJ Open

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IntroductionInsomnia with short sleep duration has a more serious negative impact on patient health. The existing literature suggests that medication therapy is more effective for this phenotype of insomnia compared with cognitive–behavioural therapy. However, the potential side effects of hypnotic medications hinder their clinical application. Acupuncture has been widely used in the treatment of insomnia, but it remains unclear whether it has therapeutic efficacy for insomnia with short sleep duration. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for insomnia with short sleep duration.Methods and analysisThis study is designed as a randomised, single-centre, single-blinded, placebo acupuncture controlled trial involving 152 participants. Eligible patients will be divided into two groups according to the objective total sleep time: insomnia with normal sleep duration group and insomnia with short sleep duration group. Then, patients in each group will be randomly assigned to two subgroups, the treatment group (acupuncture) and the control group (placebo acupuncture), in a 1:1 ratio with 38 subjects in each subgroup. The primary outcome is the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Insomnia Severity Index. Secondary outcomes are actigraphy, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Fatigue Severity Scale. All adverse effects will be assessed by the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale. Outcomes will be evaluated at baseline, post treatment, as well as at 1-week and 1-month follow-up.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by the ethics committee of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (no. 2019-17). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals for publications.Trial registration numberChiCTR1900023473; Pre-results.

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“…It should be noted that when resuming the anamnesis, the patient describes a period of psychic stress and exhaustion at work, including night shifts; several studies pointed out that mental stress, overwork and deprivation of sleep at night decrease the DNA repair capacity, and may induce endothelial dysfunction which in its turn promotes the process of atherosclerosis [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When myocardial infarction is choosing young victims

Nedelcu¹,

Ionescu²,

Ionescu³

et al. 2020

JMMS

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We present the case of a 31-year-old patient, without cardiovascular risk factors, without significant pathological or family history of cardiovascular disease, who was diagnosed with severe coronary artery disease, left main bifurcation localization, which required surgical coronary revascularization. The angiographic and intraoperative aspect excluded the most common causes of non-atherosclerotic causes of coronary lesions. Vasculitis was another possible etiology but was also excluded based on the normal clinical examination, negative inflammation markers, lack of diffuse vascular impairment, TPHA and negative VDRL. Prolonged mental stress can lead to accelerated progression of atherosclerosis by inducing endothelial dysfunction, our patient describing a "burnout syndrome" in the last few months. The particularity of the presented case is the severe coronary artery disease in a young patient without discovering the main etiology of the advanced atherosclerotic process.

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Short sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: from pathophysiology to clinical evidence

Cited by 226 publications

References 176 publications

Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span

Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span

Acupuncture for insomnia with short sleep duration: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

When myocardial infarction is choosing young victims

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