Short-Season Soybean Cultivars Have Similar Yields With Less Irrigation Than Longer-Season Cultivars

Edwards, Jeffrey T.; Purcell, Larry C.; Vories, Earl D.; Shannon, J. Grover; Ashlock, Lanny O.

doi:10.1094/cm-2003-0922-01-rs

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…During the past 30 yr, farmers in the South have started to plant earlier in the season, mainly to avoid extreme summer heat and drought stress during reproductive stages (Edwards et al, 2003;Heatherly and Elmore, 2004;Heitholt et al, 2005). Therefore, MG = 5 to 6 were identified as the most adapted across the southern states, and these results are in further agreement with Zhang et al (2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Delineating Soybean Maturity Groups across the United States

Mourtzinis

Conley

2017

Agronomy Journal

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Photoperiod and in-season temperature are the primary factors that dictate the region where a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] variety is adapted. Th e fi rst study that defi ned hypothetical maturity groups (MGs) zones across the US was 45 yr ago, and the most recent used data up to 2003. Although, photoperiod remains constant, climatic conditions, management practices, and soybean genetics have changed during the past decades. Th erefore, the objective of this study was to re-delineate soybean MGs across the US using recent genetics. Soybean MGspecifi c yield data from variety trials conducted in 2005-2015 were aggregated from 312 locations across the United States. Seven MG zones were identifi ed starting from MG = 0 in North Dakota to MG = 6 in southern Georgia and South Carolina. Th e width of MG = 4 and 5 zones cover the largest geographic region extending from north of latitude 28°N to 39°N. Additionally, in contrast to previous studies, the MG zones were defi ned by a downward defl ection of the MG lines moving from East to West rather than convex parallel lines. Due to the strong eff ect of planting date on MG selection, a multi-location-year experiment should be conducted across the United States using multiple MGs evaluated in several planting dates. Such study could provide further insight on location-specifi c optimum MG. Overall results, update current knowledge by providing valuable information for decision making and regional modeling. Th is work highlights the need to continuously monitor and adjust the MG zones due to the constantly changing climate, management, and genetics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Delineating Soybean Maturity Groups across the United States

Mourtzinis

Conley

2017

Agronomy Journal

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“…However, if water first becomes limiting after flowering, high plant population densities will exacerbate a reduction in canopy photosynthesis and may result in less yield than moderate plant densities (Taylor, 1980; Reicosky et al, 1985). The timing of water deficit in our north Texas environments (Table 1) is likely to have played a role in the lack of yield response to plant population density even though we used relatively early maturing cultivars for this region as did Edwards et al (2003) in Arkansas. Consequently, except for the response of AG3702 in our study, it appears that most MG III cultivars are unlikely to show a positive yield response to a seeding populations of 50 seeds m −2 We do not know if seeding populations of 50 seeds m −2 would be useful in our region under conditions where water stress is alleviated before the early stages of seed filling or if seeding populations between 25 and 50 seeds m −2 would be advantageous.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planting Configuration × Cultivar Effects on Soybean Production in Low‐Yield Environments

Heitholt¹,

Farr²,

Eason³

2005

Crop Science

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research has identified some seeding population ϫ cultivar interactions. For example, Elmore (1998) found that Texas soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growers generally use yield of a determinate cultivar grown in Nebraska inrow spacings ranging from 15 to 102 cm and seeding rates that provide creased as seeding population increased from 11 to 35 25 to 62 plants m Ϫ2 . However, the interaction of cultivars with planting configuration is not well understood. The objectives of this research seeds m Ϫ2 but the yield of an indeterminate cultivar were to measure the yield response of selected cultivars to seeding was unaffected. Ball et al. (2000aBall et al. ( , 2000b found that an population and row spacing in low-yielding environments and to relate indeterminate MG IV cultivar (Asgrow 4922) exhibited morphology to this response. In north Texas, on a highly calcareous yield increases in Arkansas as plant population density clay soil with 10 maturity group (MG) III cultivars (where 2-yr average increased from approximately 10 to 100 plants m Ϫ2 ; a yield was 1.22 Mg ha Ϫ1 ) and three seeding populations (25-75 m Ϫ2 ), determinate MG IV cultivar (Manokin) also exhibited only one cultivar, AG3702, showed consistent yield increases at 50 a positive response at these densities but its response and 75 m Ϫ2 . The row-spacing tests were conducted in two north Texas was less sensitive than Asgrow 4922. In north Texas, environments where 14 MG IV cultivars varying in leaf size were the interest in growing late commercial MG III (relative grown in 36-vs. 71-cm rows and two environments in southeast Texas where 21 cultivars varying in height and maturity (MG IV-MG VIII) maturity 3.5 to 3.9) cultivars has increased, but their were grown (18-vs. 76-cm rows). In north Texas, yields were not response to seeding population has not been well charsignificantly different between 71-cm rows (1.31 Mg ha Ϫ1 ) and 36-cm acterized. rows (1.02 Mg ha Ϫ1 ). Likewise, in southeast Texas, yield in 18-cm Differences in soybean cultivar morphology and how rows (1.49 Mg ha Ϫ1 ) was similar to yield in 76-cm rows (1.46 Mg ha Ϫ1 ).they affect the response to row spacing is also a concern.Cultivar ϫ row spacing effects on yield were not significant and leaf Shibles and Green (1969) were among the first to hysize and plant height did not affect the yield response to row spacing. pothesize that a shorter, less bushy morphology is likelyIn general, our results demonstrated that management ϫ genotype preferable for narrow rows, whereas a tall, bushy morinteractions within the range of these cultivars and management pracphology may be best suited for wide rows. In southeast tices were not important in these low-yielding environments and possibly were overwhelmed by the severity and timing of drought stress. Jim Heitholt and Joe Farr, 17360 Coit Road, Dallas, TX 75252. Randy of soybean cultivars varying in height and leaf morphol-Eason, 1509 Aggie Drive, Beaumont, TX 77713-8530. Received 13 Oct. 2004. Crop Ecology, Management & Quality. *Corresponding author ...

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“…The original rationale for early soybean production system in the South was to avoid drought stress during the reproductive development stage by planting early using early cultivars (6,13,20,21,29,34). However, the effect of photoperiod regimes associated with planting dates on crop phenology has been recognized as one of the major causes of yield increase on irrigated fields (39).…”

Section: Optimum Adaptation Zones For Soybean Maturity Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifications of Optimum Adaptation Zones for Soybean Maturity Groups in the USA

et al. 2007

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Soybean cultivars are generally adapted within a narrow north‐south geographical zone for full‐season growth due primarily to photoperiod response. The areas of adaptation were empirically defined more than three decades ago and re‐examination is needed. The accuracy of adaptation area determination can be improved by utilizing updated information, including changes in production practices and new technologies. The objective of this paper was to use current soybean yield data from experiments conducted across soybean producing states in the US to develop optimum zones of adaptation for soybean maturity groups (MGs) in the continental US. Data from state soybean variety trials conducted in 1998‐2003 were obtained from 139 locations, and were used to create regional adaptation map using ArcGIS. The MG 0 cultivars are adapted best to the region north of latitude 46°N, whereas succeeding groups are adapted further south. Each of the MGs 0 to III is adapted best within approximately two degrees latitude covering an area equivalent to 220 km wide from north to south. The zones of adaptation for MGs IV, V, and VI are wider than those for the earlier maturing cultivars. Overall, the regions of adaptation for the early‐maturing cultivars (MG 0 to III) have not changed; however, the adapted zones for MGs IV, V, and VI are much broader than previously thought. Groups VII and VIII, which dominated production areas in the South decades ago are now planted on a limited basis.

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Short-Season Soybean Cultivars Have Similar Yields With Less Irrigation Than Longer-Season Cultivars

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Delineating Soybean Maturity Groups across the United States

Delineating Soybean Maturity Groups across the United States

Planting Configuration × Cultivar Effects on Soybean Production in Low‐Yield Environments

Modifications of Optimum Adaptation Zones for Soybean Maturity Groups in the USA

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