Short-sea shipping: an analysis of its determinants

Environmental Factors and Intermodal Freight Transportation: Analysis of the Decision Bases in the Case of Spanish Motorways of the Sea

“…The changes in recent decades within the framework of production systems--such as global supply sources, fragmented production chains or just-in-time systems--have resulted in a substantial rise in transportation needs and, in turn, in a significant increase in the environmental impacts it produces [16]. The rise in emissions from transportation since 1990 now make this industry responsible for over 25% of GHG-related pollution, a figure that seems set to grow further [17,20,21].…”

“…Environmental benefits are put forward as a fundamental argument in defending the need to use intermodal systems rather than just road transport [13][14][15][16][17]. Nevertheless, little research has included environmental aspects in the decision-making processes designed to improve performance in logistics and transportation [10].…”

“…Hence, according to Valente de Oliveira [38], the European Union's 2020 target to reduce both GHG emissions and energy consumption by 20% reinforces the role of MoS in European transport policy. Since sea transport is theoretically more sustainable than transport by road, SSS and MoS offer feasible solutions for reducing the environmental problems associated with freight transport [16,29,44].…”

“…Evidence that transportation is responsible for most of the increase in CO 2 emissions has, however, led to a growing interest in considering environmental aspects and will undoubtedly attract significant research attention in the near future. This circumstance is especially relevant in modal choice, bearing in mind that the processes of shifting from unimodal road transport to intermodal transportation in any of its variants--by sea or by rail--are often justified by the environmental savings they can generate [13][14][15][16][17].…”

System for Simulation, Control and Evaluation of Emergency Situations in the Event of Pollution With Dangerous Substances

“…Water transport of dangerous goods transport on sea routes, that connects Europe, Asia and Africa and further inland waterways, is one of the main activity [2,3]. To this is added a significant exploitation of offshore resources, oil and gas, expanding of subsea pipelines, processing and refining of petroleum products in the seaside area and other economic activities with marine pollution potential [4].…”