Short-rotation forestry of birch, maple, poplar and willow in Flanders (Belgium) II. Energy production and CO2 emission reduction potential

Walle, Inge Van de; Camp, Nancy Van; Casteele, Liesbet van de; Verheyen, Kris; Lemeur, Raoul

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.01.002

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The humidity of weeping birch wood and the bark of weeping birch were very similar, and the mass fraction of bark of 5% and 10%, alternatively, did not have a significant effect on the moisture of biofuels. The combustion heat and calorific value of the test samples of weeping birch wood were comparable with the results described in previous works (Jandacka et al 2007;Walle et al 2007;Dzurenda and Jandačka 2010 (Kurschner 1952;Garcia et al 2012;Owens and Cooley 2013); that the ash content of birch bark is about three times higher than the ash content of birch wood without bark. The mass fraction of birch bark of 5% and 10%, alternately, proportionately increased ash content compared with samples of birch wood without bark.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The Impact of Bark Content of Wood Biomass on Biofuel Properties

Nosek¹,

Holubčík²,

Jandačka³

2015

BioResources

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Woody biomass is an abundant, renewable energy source. Forest residue is the fraction remaining after harvest and the outtake of wood timber, including tree tops and bark. Compared with the wood portion, bark has a wide variation of ash content. Wood usually has a relatively low ash content, while bark has considerably higher ash content, which may generate clinker in the furnace and thereby tends to create more demand for maintenance. High ash content also generates more particulate emissions. Different types of bark were studied in the present work in terms of their effect on energy content, moisture, and ash content. The ash content of three different samples (Norway spruce, birch, and European beech) were measured at 550 and 815 °C. The results showed the impact of bark content on all parameters, in particular the calorific value and ash content. The ash content increased with increasing bark content. The addition of 1% bark content resulted in increases of ash content in the range 0.033 to 0.044%.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The Impact of Bark Content of Wood Biomass on Biofuel Properties

Nosek¹,

Holubčík²,

Jandačka³

2015

BioResources

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“…For thermal uses, the biomass energy was determined by the low heating value (LHV, kJ kg −1 ), calculated using expression (13) from the high heating value (HHV, kJ kg −1 ) and the proportion of hydrogen in the dry matter ( H ,%) reported for this species (Klasnja et al ., ; Demirbas, ; Sannigrahi et al ., ). A weight loss factor relative to fermentation, drying and chipping of 0.85 was considered (Vande Walle et al ., ), and an efficiency conversion factor of 0.9 and 0.24 were considered for thermal and electric energy generation using the Rankine cycle.

LHV = HHV - (\frac{2442 \cdot 9 H}{100}) .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass production assessment from Populus spp. short‐rotation irrigated crops in Spain

Pérez-Cruzado¹,

Sanchez-Ron²,

Rodríguez‐Soalleiro

et al. 2013

GCB Bioenergy

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomass production potential for the Spanish Iberian Peninsula using the Populus spp. 'I-214' clone under several management regimes and land availability scenarios, and to determine its future contribution to Spanish energy demands.Empirical models were fitted to the data from a network of 144 plots located at 12 sites in the continental Mediterranean climatic regions of the Iberian Peninsula, in which yield was related to climate and soil, as well as to plantation management variables. Four models were developed considering average maximum temperature of the hottest month (T MAXH ,°C), length of drought (A, months), intensity of drought (K, unitless) and soil pH. Predictions were made for the irrigated agricultural land (IAL), where the value of the independent variables were within the validity range, and for two management scenarios. Energy production capacity was evaluated by considering the alternatives for transforming poplar SRC biomass: heat, bio-ethanol and electricity.The results indicated a mean productivity for the Spanish Iberian peninsula of between 15.3 and 10.9 Mg ha À1 yr À1 for the standard management scenario and the poorly irrigated and weeded management scenario respectively. Two IAL scenarios were considered for the calculation of biomass production potential: all IAL for which it was possible to make predictions is made available for poplar SRC (TP, maximum hypothetical production capacity), and another in which only unproductive IAL is available for poplar SRC (RP, production capacity without constricting agricultural production). The TP scenario contributes up to 6.8-9.6% of total energy demands, and the RP scenario 0.7-0.9%, depending on plantation management.

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“…Using willow biomass for the production of bioenergy as a substitute for energy produced from fossil fuels has a positive GHG balance and reduces the greenhouse effect [59,60]. A study of Kimming et al [61] shows that production of heat and electricity for 150 household village in Sweden can reduce greenhouse gas emissions considerably compared to the natural gas-based system.…”

Section: Global Warmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of New Willow Cultivars Grown as Feedstock for Integrated Biorefineries

et al. 2015

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The fossil fuel resources which power the chemical and energy industries are shrinking or becoming increasingly expensive. Moreover, their excavation and consumption have a negative impact on the environment, including global warming. For these reasons, new, cleaner, resources are being sought to replace them, such as lignocellulosic biomass. The aim of this study was to determine the environmental impact of the production of seven new cultivars of willow grown in a commercial plantation for use in an integrated biorefinery. The characteristics of the production and transport of 1 tonne of dry willow chips for the minimum (cultivar UWM 155), maximum (cultivar UWM 006) and average yield have shown that the cultivar with the lowest yield has the highest impact on the environment for all the selected categories of impact (CML 2 baseline 2000 method). For the average yield across all the cultivars, at a transportation distance of 25 km, this study found a high environmental impact of mineral NPK fertilisation, biomass harvest and road transport. The stage of normalisation for the average yield showed that freshwater toxicity had the greatest impact on the environment of all the categories under study. The effect of the other categories was 22-76 % lower for abiotic depletion and global warming, respectively. GHG emission amounted to 36 kg CO 2 eq. per 1 Mg of dry willow chips transported for 25 km, and it increased with an increase in the transport distance by 24 and 71 % for 50 and 100 km, respectively. The lowest GHG emission per 1 Mg of dry chips was achieved for the production of the high-yielding biomass cultivars UWM 006 and UWM 043. Their chips could be transported for longer distances, i.e. 50 and 100 km, because their impact on global warming was much lower than the low-yielding cultivars UWM 155, Tur and UWM 035.

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Short-rotation forestry of birch, maple, poplar and willow in Flanders (Belgium) II. Energy production and CO2 emission reduction potential

Cited by 56 publications

References 30 publications

The Impact of Bark Content of Wood Biomass on Biofuel Properties

The Impact of Bark Content of Wood Biomass on Biofuel Properties

Biomass production assessment from Populus spp. short‐rotation irrigated crops in Spain

Life Cycle Assessment of New Willow Cultivars Grown as Feedstock for Integrated Biorefineries

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