Short review of the biomedical properties and application of magnesium alloys for bone tissue bioengineering

Abstract

Aim: to review current scientific literature concerning the main advances and problems of magnesium (Mg) alloys for traumatology and orthopedics. Methodology of the study. Analytical review based the comprehensive investigation of public scientific and technological sources. Results of the study. Modern knowledge about classification, in vitro and in vivo biodegradation, biomechanics, local and general biocompatibilities, clinical efficacy, and hazards of infectious complications in conditions of osteosynthesis with implants made of Mg alloys with or without protective (anticorrosion and antimicrobial) coatings is presented. Conclusion. Fast degradation and a risk of periprosthetic infection strongly limit clinical application of implants made of Mg and its alloys. Development of novel Mg alloys and their modification by incorporating antimicrobial elements into their body or protective coating is a promising direction to control biomedical characteristics of Mg alloys.

The Role of Microparticles of β-TCP and Wollastonite in the Creation of Biocoatings on Mg0.8Ca Alloy

“…In order to overcome the limitations of the practical application of Mg, further studies are required to improve its corrosion resistance. In order to control the corrosive properties of magnesium-based materials, a number of alloying elements were used, such as Mn, Cu, Gd, and Zn [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10]. Moreover, the mechanical properties of these materials could also be improved by adding such elements as Al, Ca, and Zr [5][6][7][8]10].…”

Tailoring the Surface Morphology and the Crystallinity State of Cu- and Zn-Substituted Hydroxyapatites on Ti and Mg-Based Alloys

“…Most importantly, implants made of Mg do not require additional surgical intervention as they would be completely dissolved upon bone healing or at least intended to do so. Unfortunately, the main limiting factor for the widespread use of Mg-based implants is their fast degradation in the human body, when compared to bone tissue growth [ 6 ]. Besides, excessive production of hydrogen around the Mg-based implant due to its decomposition hinders successful bone healing.…”