Short Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements in Teleost Fish and Implications for a Mechanism of Their Amplification

Izsvák, Zsuzsanna; Ivics, Zoltán; Shimoda, Nobuyoshi; Mohn, Deanna; Okamoto, Hitoshi; Hackett, Perry B.

doi:10.1007/pl00006440

Cited by 96 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…They are exemplified by the Tourist element in maize (Bureau and Wessler 1992) and the Stowaway element in Sorghum (Bureau and Wessler 1994). Similar elements have recently been found in species as diverse as Xenopus (Unsal and Morgan 1995), Zebra fish (Izsvak et al 1999), the yellow-fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Tu 1997), Arabidopsis thaliana (Casacuberta et al 1998), and Homo sapiens (Smit and Riggs 1996). The propensity of these elements to insert into (and, in some cases, even make up) the regulatory regions of genes in all of these species suggests an important role in host regulatory evolution.…”

Section: Host Recruitment Of Regulatory Functionsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Perspective: Transposable Elements, Parasitic Dna, and Genome Evolution

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The nature of the role played by mobile elements in host genome evolution is reassessed considering numerous recent developments in many areas of biology. It is argued that easy popular appellations such as ''selfish DNA'' and ''junk DNA'' may be either inaccurate or misleading and that a more enlightened view of the transposable element-host relationship encompasses a continuum from extreme parasitism to mutualism. Transposable elements are potent, broad spectrum, endogenous mutators that are subject to the influence of chance as well as selection at several levels of biological organization. Of particular interest are transposable element traits that early evolve neutrally at the host level but at a later stage of evolution are co-opted for new host functions.

show abstract

Section: Host Recruitment Of Regulatory Functionsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Perspective: Transposable Elements, Parasitic Dna, and Genome Evolution

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A second sub-domain is characterized by two large inverted repeats separated by an A-rich domain. This second sub-domain is homologous to Danio-specific transposable element called angel (23). We identified only one of the T2 domains that form short inverted repeats at both ends of angel elements (23).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish Acetylcholinesterase Is Encoded by a Single Gene Localized on Linkage Group 7

Bertrand¹,

Chatonnet²,

Takke³

et al. 2001

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We cloned and sequenced the acetylcholinesterase gene and cDNA of zebrafish, Danio rerio. We found a single gene (ache) located on linkage group LG7. The relative organization of ache, eng2, and shh genes is conserved between zebrafish and mammals and defines a synteny. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was allowed to identify several allelic variations. We also identified two transposable elements in non-coding regions of the gene. Compared with other vertebrate acetylcholinesterase genes, ache gene contains no alternative splicing at 5 or 3 ends where only a T exon is present. The translated sequence is 60 -80% identical to acetylcholinesterases of the vertebrates and exhibits an extra loop specific to teleosts. Analysis of molecular forms showed a transition, at the time of hatching, from the globular G4 form to asymmetric A12 form that becomes prominent in adults. In situ hybridization and enzymatic activity detection on whole embryos confirmed early expression of the acetylcholinesterase gene in nervous and muscular tissues. We found no butyrylcholinesterase gene or activity in Danio. These findings make zebrafish a promising model to study function of acetylcholinesterase during development and regulation of molecular forms assembly in vivo.

show abstract

“…The previous Tol2 construct with the GFP expression cassette T2KXIG contains 2229 bp from the left and 536 bp from the right end (Kawakami et al 2004b). The 2229-bp leftside sequence contains 300-bp inverted repeats that may form a large secondary structure (Izsvák et al 1999). We have been sometimes told by others that they encountered difficulties in manipulating the previous transposon vector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Dissection of the Tol2 Transposable Element Identified the Minimal cis-Sequence and a Highly Repetitive Sequence in the Subterminal Region Essential for Transposition

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Tol2 element is a naturally occurring active transposable element found in vertebrate genomes. The Tol2 transposon system has been shown to be active from fish to mammals and considered to be a useful gene transfer vector in vertebrates. However, cis-sequences essential for transposition have not been characterized. Here we report the characterization of the minimal cis-sequence of the Tol2 element. We constructed Tol2 vectors containing various lengths of DNA from both the left (59) and the right (39) ends and tested their transpositional activities both by the transient excision assay using zebrafish embryos and by analyzing chromosomal transposition in the zebrafish germ lineage. We demonstrated that Tol2 vectors with 200 bp from the left end and 150 bp from the right end were capable of transposition without reducing the transpositional efficiency and found that these sequences, including the terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) and the subterminal regions, are sufficient and required for transposition. The left and right ends were not interchangeable. The Tol2 vector carrying an insert of .11 kb could transpose, but a certain length of spacer, ,276 but .18 bp, between the left and right ends was necessary for excision. Furthermore, we found that a 5-bp sequence, 59-(A/G)AGTA-39, is repeated 33 times in the essential subterminal region. Mutations in the repeat sequence at 13 different sites in the subterminal region, as well as mutations in TIRs, severely reduced the excision activity, indicating that they play important roles in transposition. The identification of the minimal cis-sequence of the Tol2 element and the construction of mini-Tol2 vectors will facilitate development of useful transposon tools in vertebrates. Also, our study established a basis for further biochemical and molecular biological studies for understanding roles of the repetitive sequence in the subterminal region in transposition.

show abstract

Short Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements in Teleost Fish and Implications for a Mechanism of Their Amplification

Cited by 96 publications

References 46 publications

Perspective: Transposable Elements, Parasitic Dna, and Genome Evolution

Perspective: Transposable Elements, Parasitic Dna, and Genome Evolution

Zebrafish Acetylcholinesterase Is Encoded by a Single Gene Localized on Linkage Group 7

Functional Dissection of the Tol2 Transposable Element Identified the Minimal cis-Sequence and a Highly Repetitive Sequence in the Subterminal Region Essential for Transposition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About