Short CommunicationEnergy cost of plasmachemical hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide is actually not more than about one kWh per cubic meter

Jivotov, V.; Rusanov, V. D.

doi:10.1016/s0360-3199(98)00100-1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…5 Other researchers have used plasma reactors to dissociate H 2 S, but again the energy efficiency of the processes has been low, presumably because many successive dissociation-recombination processes serve only to recreate the reactant H 2 S and produce heat before H 2 is finally formed as a product. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Most of these researchers have reported energy requirements of 0.5 to 200 eV/molecule of H 2 S converted, 12,16 which is many times higher than the theoretical minimum of ~0.2 eV/molecule H 2 S (21 kJ/mol H 2 S) based on the enthalpy of formation of H 2 S at 298 K. 17 The intent of this project is to efficiently recover the product H 2 from H 2 S decomposition by using a membrane to drive the reaction to completion. The membrane removes the hydrogen by transporting the H atoms out of the reaction chamber as they are formed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Composite Hydrogen-Permeable Membranes for Non-Thermal Plasma Reactors for the Decomposition of Hydrogen Sulfide

Argyle¹,

Ackerman²,

Muknahallipatna³

et al. 2004

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The goal of this experimental project is to design and fabricate a reactor and membrane test cell to dissociate hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in a non-thermal plasma and recover hydrogen (H 2 ) through a superpermeable multi-layer membrane. Superpermeability of hydrogen atoms (H) has been reported by some researchers using membranes made of Group V transition metals (niobium, tantalum, vanadium, and their alloys), although it has yet to be confirmed in this study. Experiments involving methane conversion reactions were conducted with a preliminary pulsed corona discharge reactor design in order to test and improve the reactor and membrane designs using a non-toxic reactant.This report details the direct methane conversion experiments to produce hydrogen, acetylene, and higher hydrocarbons utilizing a co-axial cylinder (CAC) corona discharge reactor, pulsed with a thyratron switch. The reactor was designed to accommodate relatively high flow rates (655×10 -6 m 3 /s) representing a pilot scale easily converted to commercial scale. Parameters expected to influence methane conversion including pulse frequency, charge voltage, capacitance, residence time, and electrode material were investigated. Conversion, selectivity and energy consumption were measured or estimated. C 2 and C 3 hydrocarbon products were analyzed with a residual gas analyzer (RGA). In order to obtain quantitative results, the complex sample spectra were de-convoluted via a linear least squares method. Methane conversion as high as 51% was achieved. The products are typically 50% -60% acetylene, 20% propane, 10% ethane and ethylene, and 5% propylene. First Law thermodynamic energy efficiencies for the system (electrical and reactor) were estimated to range from 38% to 6%, with the highest efficiencies occurring at short residence time and low power input (low specific energy) where conversion is the lowest (less than 5%). The highest methane conversion of 51% occurred at a residence time of 18.8 s with a flow rate of 39.4×10 -6 m 3 /s (5 ft 3 /h) and a specific energy of 13,000 J/l using niobium and platinum coated stainless steel tubes as cathodes. Under these conditions, the First Law efficiency for the system was 8%. Under similar reaction conditions, methane conversions were ~50% higher with niobium and platinum coated stainless steel cathodes than with a stainless steel cathode.

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